Continuous information is information that falls into a continuous series. Statistics and Probability questions and answers, state whether the data is continous or discrete The durations of Just know that you have prepared and worked hard for this. A histogram is used to display quantitative data: the numbers of credit hours completed. Non-response or refusal of subject to participate: The collected responses may no longer be representative of the population. You have to be dedicated. To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a proportionate number from each stratum. 10. These types of data are sorted by category, not by number. A random number generator is used to pick two of those years. These 18 quiz scores are a stratified sample. However, if two or more of you are taking the same data and get very different results, it is time for you and the others to reevaluate your data-taking methods and your accuracy. No. The volume of cola in a can is 11.8 oz. The key difference between discrete and continuous data is that discrete data contains the integer or whole number. For example, you could stratify (group) your college population by department and then choose a proportionate simple random sample from each stratum (each department) to get a stratified random sample. What type of data is this? All data that are the result of measuring are quantitative continuous data assuming that we can measure accurately. This table displays six sets of quiz scores (each quiz counts 10 points) for an elementary statistics class. It only contains finite values, the subdivision of which is not possible. c . 2013 - 2023 Great Lakes E-Learning Services Pvt. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. This pie chart shows the students in each year, which is qualitative data. The amount of money they spend on books is as follows: $128; $87; $173; $116; $130; $204; $147; $189; $93; $153. Height is continuous but we sometimes don't really worry too much about minor variations and club heights into a set of discrete data instead. Quantitative data, on the other hand, is one that contains numerical values and uses a scope. It is a good idea to look at a variety of graphs to see which is the most helpful in displaying the data. OC. B. The gender of a person, i.e., male, female, or others, is qualitative data. the type of car you drive. Working on data is crucial because we need to figure out what kind of data it is and how to use it to get valuable output out of it. They may be related (correlated) because of their relationship through a different variable. The data are the colors of houses. The colors red, black, black, green, and gray are qualitative data. There are particular calculators for different statistics exams and having good knowledge about their use and implementation would be great. Each student is chosen using simple random sampling. The data are continuous because the data can take The graph in Figure \(\PageIndex{5}\) is a Pareto chart. Tips and Tricks to study Discrete and Continuous Data, Age is discrete data because we could be infinitely precise and use an infinite number of decimal places, rendering age continuous as a result. O B. Besides herself, Lisas group will consist of Marcierz, Cuningham, and Cuarismo. Sampling without replacement instead of sampling with replacement becomes a mathematical issue only when the population is small. on any value in an interval . classes and taking every fifth senior citizen on the list, for a total of ten senior citizens. Amount of money, pulse rate, weight, number of people living in your town, and number of students who take statistics are examples of quantitative data. If you and your friends carry backpacks with books in them to school, the numbers of books in the backpacks are discrete data and the weights of the backpacks are continuous data. Press 5:randInt( and enter 1, 60). The first sample probably consists of science-oriented students. c. pair starts due east and then turns 50 toward north. ), Education Level (Higher, Secondary, Primary), Total numbers of students present in a class, The total number of players who participated in a competition. Many of these students are taking first term calculus in addition to the organic chemistry class. Each student in the following samples is asked how much tuition he or she paid for the Fall semester. This category contains people who did not feel they fit into any of the ethnicity categories or declined to respond. Divide your college faculty by department. Again, you sample the same five students. To four decimal places, these numbers are not equivalent. Grouped distribution of continuous data tabulation frequencies is performed against a value group. A pollster interviews all human resource personnel in five different high tech companies. The Other/Unknown category is large compared to some of the other categories (Native American, 0.6%, Pacific Islander 1.0%). The bar graph is used to graphically represent discrete data. Nominal Data is used to label variables without any order or quantitative value. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. What type of data is this? Collecting data carelessly can have devastating results. Factors not related to the sampling process cause nonsampling errors. The data she collects are summarized in the pie chart Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\). According to a report, today, at least 2.5 quintillion bytes of data are produced per day. C. The data are Determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative) for the number of cars in a parking lot. Data are individual items of information that come from a population or sample. Gathering information about an entire population often costs too much or is virtually impossible. You sample five gyms. Arrow over to PRB. Determine whether the given value is from a discrete or continuous data set. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. The color of hair can be considered nominal data, as one color cant be compared with another color. The sample probably consists more of people who prefer music because it is a concert event. Qualitative data tells about the perception of people. Ordinal data have natural ordering where a number is present in some kind of order by their position on the scale. In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member of the population should have an equally likely chance of being chosen). Making a schedule/timetable or studying together with your peers may help you in focusing and keep you active. Data that can only take on certain values are discrete data. State whether each situation is categorical or quantitative. Press ENTER and record that number. For some students, it might feel difficult as it involves logical thinking and mathematics but its a great option for those who love solving and putting their minds all into logic. For these samples, each member of the population did not have an equally likely chance of being chosen. Lisa reads two-digit groups until she has chosen three class members (that is, she reads 0.94360 as the groups 94, 43, 36, 60). If you feel tired at the moment, even that too is fine. A statistics professor collects information about the classification of her students as freshmen, sophomores, juniors, or seniors. There are a number of options if you go for the statistics degree. A continuous data set because there are infinitely many possible values and those values cannot be counted. No. We all know that time is very important, it doesnt wait for anyone. Show More. Data that takes distinct values and cannot be in decimals is called discrete data. If they are not, discuss the reasons. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. C. 5. The continuous data can be broken down into. Over time, some continuous data can change. A local radio station has a fan base of 20,000 listeners. It answers the questions like how much, how many, and how often. For example, the price of a phone, the computers ram, the height or weight of a person, etc., falls under quantitative data. By using simple random sampling, select states to be part of the cluster. You sample the same five students. This section will describe a few of the most common methods. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Here are a few steps to prepare well for your exam which has statistics as a part of the course. The total number of students in a class is an example of discrete data. What are the career options in the field of Statistics? It is easy in many cases, discrete data is preceded by the number of, which makes the differentiation of results easier. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. How to Calculate the Percentage of Marks? Ducks in a pond are discrete data because the number of ducks is a finite number. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. A completely random method is used to select 75 students. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval . It might sound a bit weird but do not burden yourself with new topics before the exam. You will learn why when you study confidence intervals. Also, the sample represents only those who showed up to the event earlier than the majority. Get Into Data Science From Non IT Background, Data Science Solving Real Business Problems, Understanding Distributions in Statistics, Major Misconceptions About a Career in Business Analytics, Business Analytics and Business Intelligence Possible Career Paths for Analytics Professionals, Difference Between Business Intelligence and Business Analytics. Can I get some help? The results of convenience sampling may be very good in some cases and highly biased (favor certain outcomes) in others. All members of the four departments with those numbers are the cluster sample. So, you will get the result too! The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. Other well-known random sampling methods are the stratified sample, the cluster sample, and the systematic sample. We may prefer not to think of 10,00,100 and 10,00,102 as crucially different values, but instead as nearby points on an approximate continuum. Think about what contributes to making Doreens and Jungs samples different. To determine the proportion of people taking public transportation to work, survey 20 people in New York City. PGP in Data Science and Business Analytics, PGP in Data Science and Engineering (Data Science Specialization), M.Tech in Data Science and Machine Learning, PGP Artificial Intelligence for leaders, PGP in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, MIT- Data Science and Machine Learning Program, Master of Business Administration- Shiva Nadar University, Executive Master of Business Administration PES University, Advanced Certification in Cloud Computing, Advanced Certificate Program in Full Stack Software Development, PGP in in Software Engineering for Data Science, Advanced Certification in Software Engineering, PG Diploma in Artificial Intelligence IIIT-Delhi, PGP in Software Development and Engineering, PGP in in Product Management and Analytics, NUS Business School : Digital Transformation, Design Thinking : From Insights to Viability, Master of Business Administration Degree Program, 4 Types Of Data Nominal, Ordinal, Discrete and Continuous. Great Learning's Blog covers the latest developments and innovations in technology that can be leveraged to build rewarding careers. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. When properly selected, larger samples model the population more closely than smaller samples. Create a cluster sample by considering each state as a stratum (group). Continuous data are in the form of fractional numbers. Quantitative data can be used for statistical manipulation. The chart in Figure \(\PageIndex{6}\) is organized by the size of each wedge, which makes it a more visually informative graph than the unsorted, alphabetical graph in Figure \(\PageIndex{6}\). Items a, e, f, k, and l are quantitative discrete; items d, j, and n are quantitative continuous; items b, c, g, h, i, and m are qualitative. Surveys are typically done without replacement. Additional Resources A pie chart cannot be used. It can be the version of an android phone, the height of a person, the length of an object, etc. Often, people with strong positive or negative opinions may answer surveys, which can affect the results. Evaluate it on its merits and the work done. The continuous data can be broken down into fractions and decimals, i.e. A large ship is sailing between three small islands. 25. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. This data is so important for us that it becomes important to handle and store it properly, without any error. To find out the most popular cereal among young people under the age of ten, stand outside a large supermarket for three hours and speak to every twentieth child under age ten who enters the supermarket. We might make different choices of what we think is the best graph depending on the data and the context. The following graph is the same as the previous graph but the Other/Unknown percent (9.6%) has been included. Have some sleep, its important. If we were to examine two samples representing the same population, even if we used random sampling methods for the samples, they would not be exactly the same. b. Your phone book contains 20,000 residence listings. A sample that is not representative of the population is biased. The quiz scores (20 of them) in these 2 columns are the cluster sample. Each travels 2 miles, then changes direction and travels 1.2 miles. OB. The weights of the soups (19 ounces, 14.1 ounces, 19 ounces) are quantitative continuous data because you measure weights as precisely as possible. Try this experiment twice. Step 2: Discrete and continuous data. The data are continuous because You may wrap around (go back to the beginning). While working on these data, it is important to know the types of data to process them and get the right results. A. Small letters like \(x\) or \(y\) generally are used to represent data values. Measuring angles in radians might result in such numbers as \(\frac{\pi}{6}\), \(\frac{\pi}{3}\), \(\frac{\pi}{2}\), \(\pi\), \(\frac{3\pi}{4}\), and so on. Which pair is farther from camp? Even if Doreen and Jung used the same sampling method, in all likelihood their samples would be different. A student interviews classmates in his algebra class to determine how many pairs of jeans a student owns, on the average. Finite values have discrete data. Press ENTER. So is the case of statistics too. B. When you have a numeric variable, you need to determine whether it is discrete or continuous. You should ask the doubt there and then clear it, analyze it and work on it. Performance & security by Cloudflare. It includes only those values which are separate and can only be counted in, , which means that the data can not be split into, Continuous data is the data that can be of any value. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. For example, suppose you have to do a phone survey. Whenever you face any problem the best solution is consulting the concerned teacher, you should never hesitate to ask for doubts. Record the quiz scores that correspond to these numbers. The data are continuous because the data can take the number of data values is increased), their sample results (the average amount of time a student sleeps) might be closer to the actual population average. Most samples are taken from large populations and the sample tends to be small in comparison to the population. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Hint: Data that are discrete often start with the words "the number of." the number of pairs of shoes you own. True random sampling is done with replacement. Books for these classes tend to be expensive. The two-digit number 14 corresponds to Macierz, 05 corresponds to Cuningham, and 04 corresponds to Cuarismo. Sampling data should be done very carefully. What is the type of sampling in each case? Create a stratified sample by column. B. The discrete data contain the values that fall under integers or whole numbers. OOO O A. Vedantu LIVE Online Master Classes is an incredibly personalized tutoring platform for you, while you are staying at your home. Question: State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Manufacturers regularly run tests to determine if the amount of beverage in a 16-ounce can falls within the desired range. These data are used for observation like customer satisfaction, happiness, etc., but we cant do any arithmetical tasks on them. For example, call-in surveys are invariably biased, because people choose to respond or not. Biased samples that are not representative of the population give results that are inaccurate and not valid. This particular bar graph in Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\) can be difficult to understand visually. (We assume that these are the only disciplines in which part-time students at ABC College are enrolled and that an equal number of part-time students are enrolled in each of the disciplines.) Number of bacteria in a petri dish is 12,120. according to measurement accuracy, it can be significantly subdivided into smaller sections. O A. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. In one study, eight 16 ounce cans were measured and produced the following amount (in ounces) of beverage: 15.8; 16.1; 15.2; 14.8; 15.8; 15.9; 16.0; 15.5. Students often ask if it is "good enough" to take a sample, instead of surveying the entire population. Keep counting ten quiz scores and recording the quiz score until you have a sample of 12 quiz scores. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific . State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Your answer is correct. It is further classified as discrete data and continuous data. Determine whether the data described below are qualitative or quantitative and explain why: . 1. The amount a person grew (in height) in a year. Many other courses are available online to master your foundational knowledge which may assist you later. There are no strict rules concerning which graphs to use. To find the average annual income of all adults in the United States, sample U.S. congressmen. Misleading use of data: improperly displayed graphs, incomplete data, or lack of context. Samples of only a few hundred observations, or even smaller, are sufficient for many purposes. Both samples are biased. The numbers of programs installed on various computers ANSWERA.) The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. A continuous data set because there are infinitely mamy possible values and those values cannot be counted. the number of classes you take per school year. A soccer coach selects six players from a group of boys aged eight to ten, seven players from a group of boys aged 11 to 12, and three players from a group of boys aged 13 to 14 to form a recreational soccer team. Notice how much larger the percentage for part-time students at Foothill College is compared to De Anza College. Legal. If Doreen and Jung took larger samples (i.e. B. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. If you're asked whether age is a continuous or discrete variable in an Introductory Statistics class, the correct answer is technically continuous. Samples that contain different individuals result in different data. For example, in the case of statistics, algebra is a good option to learn before starting your statistics course. The road from A to E and the road from C and D are perpendicular and intersect at point F. Theresa's house is at C, 500 feet from the intersection. It is further classified as discrete data and continuous data. The use of discrete and continuous quantitative variables would be helpful for detecting intervention effects . a. stratified; b. cluster; c. stratified; d. systematic; e. simple random; f.convenience. C. However for practical reasons, in most populations, simple random sampling is done without replacement. For example, 16-ounce cans of beverage may contain more or less than 16 ounces of liquid. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. O C. The data are continuous because the data can. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. An administrative assistant is asked to stand in front of the library one Wednesday and to ask the first 100 undergraduate students he encounters what they paid for tuition the Fall semester. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why: . Asking all 20,000 listeners is an almost impossible task. Data is classified into 4 types. B. b. These data dont have any meaningful order; their values are distributed into distinct categories. For any particular sample of 1,000, if you are sampling with replacement. C. The data are on any value in an interval . There are two types of data: Qualitative and Quantitative data, which are further classified into: Now business runs on data, and most companies use data for their insights to create and launch campaigns, design strategies, launch products and services or try out different things. This variability in samples cannot be stressed enough. O C. CS State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Your email address will not be published. O C. A. Continuous data. data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Nominal data.Ordinal data.Discrete data.Continuous data. It is not possible to measure qualitative data in terms of numbers and it is subdivided into nominal and ordinal data. B. From that number, count ten quiz scores and record that quiz score. Divide 84 a money box contains 1 coins, 2 coins, 5 coins and 10 coins 10 coins is four times the number of 1 coins. feet, 160 sq. A defective counting device can cause a nonsampling error. Confounding: When the effects of multiple factors on a response cannot be separated. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. a. stratified; b. systematic; c. simple random; d. cluster; e. convenience. It is better for the person conducting the survey to select the sample respondents. As you become accustomed to sampling, the variability will begin to seem natural. Problems with samples: A sample must be representative of the population. The option "B" is correct i.e. The class boundaries are 10 to less than 13, 13 to less than 16, 16 to less than 19, 19 to less than 22, and 22 to less than 25. , i.e. A type of sampling that is non-random is convenience sampling. The triangles show the position of the gate in relation to its closed position. Data that can take a decimal value and can vary across a range is called . You should know how to manage your time and utilize it in the best way possible. Once you are clear with the basic concept, you shall be able to understand additional concepts easily. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous and explain why The amounts of time that different - Answered by a verified Tutor . If all the money in the 555, find the number of 10 coins in it 12. Q: State whether the data below are discrete or continuous, explain why. Record the number and the first quiz score. Now, suppose we take a third sample. A variable is said to be continuous if it can take on any value in an interval. We are interested in the average amount of money a part-time student spends on books in the fall term. You count discrete data. Blood type might be AB+, O-, or B+. For example, the number of subjects in a course, the number of families living in a block, the number of digits in a code, etc. Larger samples are better, if possible. Nominal and ordinal data can act as both discrete and continuous. This is important to know when we think about what the data are telling us. Our choice also depends on what we are using the data for. Your IP: Weights are quantitative continuous data because weights are measured. The numbers of countries in the world in different years Choose the correct answer below. Statistical data needs to be critically analyzed, not simply accepted. Instructions: Use the Random Number Generator to pick samples. Statistical data about spreading of the epidemic are known in discrete periods of time, for example twenty-four hours. ), Ranking of people in a competition (First, Second, Third, etc. Ltd. All rights reserved. Doreen uses systematic sampling and Jung uses cluster sampling. We provide you year-long structured coaching classes for CBSE and ICSE Board & JEE and NEET entrance exam preparation at affordable tuition fees, with an exclusive session for clearing doubts, ensuring that neither you nor the topics remain unattended. The actual process of sampling causes sampling errors. To determine the average cost of a two-day stay in a hospital in Massachusetts, survey 100 hospitals across the state using simple random sampling. Required fields are marked *. For example, suppose Lisa wants to form a four-person study group (herself and three other people) from her pre-calculus class, which has 31 members not including Lisa. It is not possible to measure qualitative data in terms of. How to differentiate the obtained results as discrete and continuous data? The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. But graphs can be even more helpful in understanding the data. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why The speeds of the different people walking in a park Choose the correct answer below. Step 2: Discrete and continuous data. Instead of that, just revise what youve already done. These data are represented mainly by a bar graph, number line, or frequency table. The data are continuous because The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. a. Hint: Data that are discrete often start with the words "the number of.". Question: State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. The number of books in a rack is a finite countable number. Another example is learning how to use calculators. discrete because the data can only take on specific values . For example, it does not make sense to find an average hair color or blood type. Each random number may only contribute one class member. These kinds of data are also known as Numerical data. The data are the number of machines in a gym. Discrete data is data that can only take certain values, while data that can take any value is continuous data. Ordinal data is qualitative data for which their values have some kind of relative position. We have grown leaps and bounds to be the best Online Tuition Website in India with immensely talented Vedantu Master Teachers, from the most reputed institutions. A more technological way is for Lisa to first list the last names of the members of her class together with a two-digit number, as in Table \(\PageIndex{2}\): Lisa can use a table of random numbers (found in many statistics books and mathematical handbooks), a calculator, or a computer to generate random numbers. Work collaboratively to determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative). You can also visit their website. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. categorical, quantitative discrete or quantitative continuous. For example, you can not have a natural order for apple, orange, and banana. O A. LCM of 3 and 4, and How to Find Least Common Multiple, What is Simple Interest? For accuracy, carry the decimal answers to four decimal places. Discrete data: When numerical data has values that are countable and specific to a particular category, it is called discrete data. Frequently Asked Questions, Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, www.people-press.org/methodolwer-your-polls (accessed May 1, 2013). Probably not. Cloudflare Ray ID: 7a2992ec2e151da5 Data from www.bookofodds.com/Relationsh-the-President. Tables are a good way of organizing and displaying data. If these data-driven topics got you interested in pursuing professional courses or a career in the field of Data Science. Suppose ABC College has 10,000 part-time students (the population). Doreen's sample will be different from Jung's sample. The second sample is a group of senior citizens who are, more than likely, taking courses for health and interest. B. The amount of money they spend on books is probably much less than the average parttime student.