banana dna extraction lab report conclusion

The process of transferring information from DNA to RNA is called transcription. Gene: a region of DNA that instructs the cell on how to build protein(s). By volunteering, or simply sending us feedback on the site. endobj It is also essential for carrying out forensic science, sequencing genomes, detecting bacteria and viruses in the environment and for determining paternity. DNA can be extracted and observed. The bananas were mashed for about 5 minutes. What scientific advances have made this possible? At an absorption of 280 wavelengths, the DNA measured 3.802 using a 374.66 ng/ul sample. Studying DNA is one way scientists learn about what is necessary for life. Aim: To extract DNA from a banana using simple household items Hypothesis: DNA is found in the cells of every living organism. endstream endobj 136 0 obj <>/Metadata 6 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/Pages 5 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/StructTreeRoot 8 0 R/Type/Catalog/Lang( E N - U S)/LastModified(D:20081007164008)/PageLabels 3 0 R>> endobj 137 0 obj <>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 138 0 obj <> endobj 139 0 obj <> endobj 140 0 obj <> endobj 141 0 obj [/ICCBased 153 0 R] endobj 142 0 obj <>stream We do in fact share about 50% of our genes with plants including bananas. Bananas have 44.1% of genetic makeup in common with humans. Humans share 50% of our DNA with a banana.. Write reflection paper about this question. DNA extractions the surface of genetic engineering. Remove and discard the used coffee filter. Hypothesis: You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But with bananas, we share about 50 percent of our genes, which turns out to be only about 1 percent of our DNA, emails Mike Francis, a Ph. Some of the protein is still present. This process was repeated for 4 times. All of the above steps are completed in the same manner for the banana DNA extraction except for the adding of water during the smashing of the fruit. If I mash up a living organism , then I can isolate the DNA . Possible Materials and Equipment Measuring cup . Then the DNA can be precipitated, or come out of the solution, by adding alcohol. Extracting DNA from Bananas In the Lab: Extracting DNA from Bananas, DNA was removed from bananas that had been blended with water in order to examine how DNA is seen from the naked eye. Furthermore, analysis of forensic evidence is defined as the application of forensic science and technology to identify specific objects from the trace evidence they leave, often at a crime scene or the scene of an accident. 0000000936 00000 n DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is found in all living things. HSj@WcczG]A)-84H$$`;:4yofRSLGiqU"M l 8cjzR. with free plagiarism report. Place the coffee filter in a clear glass cup, securing the top of the filter around the lip of the cup. Use the wooden stirrer to start poking the cloudy stuff in the alcohol layer. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. We succesfully investigated the effect of temperature on DNA extraction from bananas. 1 0 obj Materials: Extracting DNA from Bananas student handout 1 large banana 3/4 cups distilled . The actual DNA structure is seen as a double helix in which two strands are wound around each other. An academic unit ofThe College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, You may need to edit author's name to meet the style formats, which are in most cases "Last name, First name. Place the banana pieces into a sealable plastic bag. REFERENCES: BOOKS: * Neil A. Campbell, Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson, Biology (8th Ed), Pearson International Edition: Pearson, Benjamin Cummings. Because of their size, it is impossible to see a single DNA molecule with the naked eye. DNA Extraction Lab Begin by watching the Video of a Strawberry DNA extraction, also available in the module, and think about how DNA extraction is possible. Approximately 3ml of banana solution were dispenced into each test tube. When the size of the sample nearly tripled at 939.46 ng/ul for the RNA reading, the measurements at both the 260 and 280 wavelength . Genes, along with other parts of our DNA that turn genes on and off, hold information for how our body develops and functions. Breaking cells open to release the DNA. 1 0 obj %PDF-1.4 % We are able to observe the extraction of genomic DNA from plant cells. As a human, you usually get a set of instructions from your mom and another set from your dad more, Molecule: a chemical structure that has two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond. For molecular research, the quality and integrity of DNA obtained will affect the reliability of subsequent results. DNA is organized into genes and stores genetic information. 6 (5 points) Which of the applications of genomics listed below can be used in agriculture? <> And how did we get inside the cells and get the DNA to stick together? It is perhaps more amazing how a scientist discovers one. DNA extraction The concentrations of the extracted DNA was measured using the NanoPhotometer,UV/Vis spectrophotometer (Implen, munich, Germany) and the average concentration for 12 samples was 0.045g/l. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. database? This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Extraction solution S was added into ziplock Extraction 1 and extraxtion solution SS into ziplock bad Extraction 2. The nuclei acid DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid serves as the genetic material in all living organisms as well as in most viruses. 2 What are the benefits of extracting DNA? Community Solutions, The Mysterious Case of the Missing Periods, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/717/04/, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/08/, 1/2 peeled ripe banana (you can also use strawberries or other fruit), very cold rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) placed in freezer ahead of time. Step 1: Chop up the banana. 1. Scholars 0000008815 00000 n The salt contributes positively charged atoms that neutralise the normal negative charge of DNA. Throughout the entire experiment there were many possible ways that the ending result of the appearance of the DNA could have differed. /Subtype /Image /Title () 4.1. The banana DNA was easy to see as it was a light pink/clear and it was chunky and had thick pieces when picked up with the skewer but it appeared shredded in the liquid. DNA extraction is integral to the process of genetic modification of plants. collected. } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine. Although nowadays very few errors are made due to scientists using biotechnology equipment that allows them to look at DNA to see exactly how organisms are different, and find out how they work. Scientists, teachers, writers, illustrators, and translators are all important to the program. /BitsPerComponent 8 The bananas were mushed carefully to avoid the bag from breaking. Sometimes it is hard to do all the work on your own. While you may know of the double-helix structure of DNA, you can't see that structure with the naked eye. Step 8: Pour the drained liquid into a glass. D. student in bioinformatics at the University of Georgia. Try to avoid making too much foam. 1 What is the purpose of extracting DNA from banana? It holds the instructions necessary for the organism to grow and function, and is passed on from generation to generation through heredity. The sa$t e"ab$es the DN stra"%s to, The DN prec#p#tates out o! The authors pay attention to genetic basis. dna-extraction-lab-report-banana-conclusion 2/7 Downloaded from kelliemay.com on October 4, 2022 by guest sprint against other world-class researchers to solve one of science's greatest mysteries gives a dazzlingly clear picture of a world of brilliant scientists with great gifts, very human ambitions, and bitter rivalries. >> The probable reason for the tinted brown shade in the human epithelial DNA and not the strawberry DNA is that human epithelial DNA is extracted from one's mouth in which. We are able to properly and successfully extract DNA from banana using cell disruption and separation techniques. It also controls many of the features that make an organism unique. First, the cell must be broken open to release the 0000044903 00000 n Of those 60 percent, the proteins encoded by them are roughly 40 percent identical when we compare the amino acid sequence of the human protein to its equivalent in the banana, Brody adds. Step 2: In a separate bowl, mix the washing up liquid, salt and tap water. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The total number of DNA for each fruit had a big variation between strawberries compared to kiwis and bananas with a difference of 5 and 6. 0000040208 00000 n * To understand how a buffer solutions disrupts the plasma membrane and releasing cellular components into the solution. It does not store any personal data. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. How does detergent help to break down DNA? DNA is in every living thing (and it's only in living things). Traditional methods include judging by phenotypes characteristics. This could be a problem if two bacteria looked similar because they could easily. 0000001613 00000 n My hypothesis was correct for strawberries producing the most DNA followed by kiwis and than bananas last. (2018, Feb 11). surrogate signifiers of a given cistron that may bring forth. 0000045111 00000 n The process involves a few general steps, including mashing, filtration, precipitation, and extraction. DNA can be extracted and observed. /ca 1.0 You can use it as an example when writing /Producer ( Q t 5 . What properties do bases have? DNA molecules are long, slender molecules that carry the heritable information of organisms on to future generations. Strawberries are octoploid, which means they have eight copies of the DNA in their genome in every cell! DNA extraction is also the first step in genetic engineering of animals. The banana DNA was circular and was very separated into many smaller pieces. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R 23 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Cells reproduce in part by passing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from parent cells to offspring cells. ->!W[wde@ =:| 8 :>ijzKO g9 During the DNA extraction, the soap pulls apart the fats (lipids) and proteins that make up the membranes surrounding the cell and nucleus. Using the wooden coffee stirrer, the DNA can be spooled out of the solution. A probable reason for this Gentlymush the water and banana for 45 seconds. All of the above steps were completed in the same manner for the banana DNA extraction except DNA and small cell debris to filter through. Water is a molecule of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O)more. Then eight millilitres of DNA buffer was then added to the pure. The point both 3 small test tubes and to investigate the cell nucleus to release the DNA. (B) Banana Extraction 1. 0000004908 00000 n My the DN +co$or' texture', The soap so$ut#o" co"ta#"s so%#um $aure$ su$!ate' wh#ch, the soap pu$$s apart the !ats +$#p#%s a"% prote#"s that. Video of this experiment can be found here: DN #s !ou"% #" the ce$$s o! May 2nd, 2018 - The banana DNA will begin to rise and precipitate out of solution Documents Similar To Lab Report 4 DNA Isolation Bio DNA Extraction Lab Report Lab Reports ScienceHK April 24th, 2018 - To learn the simple method of DNA extraction Take a picture which will be included in your lab report Who says lab reports can t be fun The salt was dissolved by stirring slowly to avoid foaming. 135 0 obj <> endobj These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. <> Which is correct poinsettia or poinsettia? << The article Whole-Genome Patterns of Common DNA Variations in Three Human Populations provides detailed and examination of core individual differences in DNA sequences. Three examples of why scientists might need to indentify DNA are for genetic testing, body identification, and analysis of forensic evidence. (60 oC) 2. Because DNA exists inside of cell and ultimately inside of the nucleus proteins must be denatured to locate the DNA. The a$coho$ separates the DN !rom the other, ce$$ compo"e"ts' wh#ch are $e!t beh#"% #" the water, Do not sell or share my personal information, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ew9-YGrgpWo. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C . You share 50 percent of your DNA with each of your parents. startxref 1 ) Peel a banana and take about of it 2 ) In a ziplock bag , mash the banana until it is a liquid 3 ) Mix 20 m L of the extraction buffer with the banana liquid The goal of this lab is to extract the genetic material from an organism so that it can be seen with the naked eye . The white DNA could be seen precipitating out of the alcohol layer. DNA is made up of a series of monomers called nucleotides. 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What do we have in common with the banana plant? //= $post_title The four nitrogenous are A(adenine), G(guanine), T(thymine) and C(cytosine). >> Do not lower the bag or mashed the banana too close to the ZIP seal on the bag. 2 0 obj Salt is used at a high molarity due to the fact that it precipitates all of the proteins out. The salt was dissolved by stirring slowly to avoid foaming. The subsequent conversion of the genetic information contained in RNA into a protein is called translation. Genetic testing can best be defined as a process in which an individuals DNA is isolated and tested for the presence of specific genes or defects that could indicate the future onset of some disease. 9 How does detergent help to break down DNA? Once these membranes are broken apart, the DNA is released from the cell. What is DNA extraction and what is its purpose? Did you know that we have over 70,000 essays on 3,000 topics in our Cells reproduce in part by passing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from parent cells to offspring cells. Pour the mix into the filter and let it sit until all of the liquid drips down into the cup. When we added. Order custom essay Extracting Dna from Bananas Let us help you get a good grade on your paper. The DNA precipitates out of the solution when the alcohol is added. cite it. Once extracted, DNA could be observed and inferences made about the nature of DNA, and then compare the differences between two DNA's amount. the so$ut#o" whe" the a$coho$, #s a%%e%. In addition, there are four kinds of nitrogenous bases in DNA. 20 milliliters (four teaspoons) of distilled water was then added to the mixture. Some of the protein is still present. you to an academic expert within 3 minutes. Studying DNA is one way scientists learn about what is necessary for life. What is the purpose of extracting DNA from banana? Retrieved from https://phdessay.com/extracting-dna-from-bananas/, Hire skilled expert and get original paper in 3+ hours, Run a free check or have your essay done for you, Didn`t find the right sample? 0000003225 00000 n Thus, DNA is present in all living organisms. Altering Animals. Then the salt and shampoo had to be dissolved into the mixture by stirring slowly by avoiding foaming. /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB 9. Essentials of Genetics. This is the DNA pieces clumping together. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose. 7 0 obj Spin the stirrer it in place to start gathering the cloudy stuff. /Width 625 The solution had to be blended for 15 to 20 seconds, until it became a dense mixture. The information in DNA tells our bodies how to develop, grow, and work. Banana and Strawberry image by Ralph Daily via Wikimedia Commons. DNA Extraction process DNA is an incredibly small molecule, but in large quantities, it can be seen. You may see some bubbles and cloudy material moving around in the alcohol. your own essay or use it as a source, but you need * Pragya Khanna. This DNA extraction is simple and works every time but the DNA is not pure. There are four types of nucleotides which vary depending on the four nitrogenous bases of the molecule. and animals have DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). 0000011509 00000 n endobj 0000001339 00000 n (60 oC) 2. A very simple and inexpensive method for high-throughput DNA extraction from animal tissues has been developed. 3 0 obj Purpose : DNA Extraction from Kiwifruit Student Instructions Introduction DNA is present in the cells of all living organisms. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". 0000039741 00000 n This essay was written by a fellow student. The test tubes were carefully handled to avoid shaking. Within every living organism, most cells contain a complete set of DNA instructions. Each living organism has its own unique DNA sequence. DNA molecule exists in cells as a long coiled structure often described as a double helix. f MATERIALS Fresh Bananas Droppers Water 70% rubbing alcohol 3 Plastic Bag (Ziplock) Salt Liquid Dish Soap Mixing bowl (Medium size) Measuring spoon Measuring cup 3 Beaker (Big and Isopropyl rubbing alcohol allows me to see the DNA because when molecules are insoluble the clump together and become visible so the alcohol makes the DNA insoluble making it become visible. &t #s, #"cre%#b$y sma$$' but we ca" see #t by extract#"g DN a"%, %#st#$$e% water #" the p$ast#c bag' sea$ the bag a"%, so$ut#o" s$ow$y !or about a m#"ute u"t#$ the shampoo, the empty cup. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. /Length 8 0 R The soap breaks apart the cell membrane and the cell parts that hold the DNA. They produce molecules called proteins that do most of the work in the body. number: 206095338, E-mail us: DNA is a component of living and once-living things. %PDF-1.4 What You Need Banana Salt Warm water Liquid soap Blender Toothpicks Strainer Glass jar Rubbing alcohol Knife Here's How 19 Apr 2016. It was established in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick that the two strands of their proposed double helis are exact complements of one another, such that the rings of the ladder always consists of either A=T, or G=C base pairs. trailer endstream endobj 165 0 obj <>/Size 135/Type/XRef>>stream 0 However, it is nice because the students get to see and hold in their hand the substance they have been studying that seems so abstract and hard to believe it even exists. Descr#be the appeara"ce o! (B) Banana Extraction 1. assignments. Well, not entirely. 3) By continuing well assume youre on board with our xnFab5\8CA _4E$`i,yI:=x-Yd.5g:#6}^={s/0lH*|?x'}=]4}vb ~M4q'(OV%l`! 6. Step 2: Put the banana into a bag. In this activity, you will extract DNA from banana, strawberry and kiwi fruits. It is amazing how important things are being discovered by persons who spend most of their lives dedicated to research. ASU - Ask A Biologist, Web. While the banana solution was being mixed, a number two cone coffee filter was laced inside a second five-ounce cup. We are going to use fruits because they are soft and easy to pulverize. ", American Psychological Association. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. /SMask /None>> The salt enables the DNA strands to come together, or aggregate. xb``a``f Y800* @1*?./j PhDessay is an educational resource where over 1,000,000 free essays are What is the best fruit to extract DNA from? /Filter /DCTDecode DNA is a component of living and once-living things. All living things including humans, plants (bananas!) Pour the saltwater mix into the bag. If the lab is conducted properly then we should be able to view a visible. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. 5. The bag was closed with minimum content of air. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. /AIS false For what purposes is DNA extraction done give at least 3 purposes for which you may need to extract DNA? Variants of genes, called alleles, are responsible for differences in hair color, eye color, and earlobe shape. And because the DNA doesnt dissolve in alcohol, this substance helps the DNA clump together in a separate layer. Genetic Engineering of Plants. 6T3G]Zq`S;z*H27$21a4a@ aaSn;,8@ U /4 When looking at DNA extraction,the key steps for isolating DNA from a plant cell or animal cell is to the solution is minimal remove the banana residue and transfer 5mL of the filtrate into a separate dry gas tube. The mixture was divided into two 50ml conical flasks (20ml each). We even have genes in common with the banana plant! 4 0 obj Add the dishwashing soap into the bag and gentlymix, trying not to make it foam up. Then alcohol added to the solution causes the DNA to precipitate out. These comprise the genetic alphabet which in various combinations, will specify the components of proteins. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. 0000001999 00000 n 2 0 obj During the procedure of the lab, a ratio of one banana per one cup (250 milliliters) of distilled water had to be mixed together in a blender. Describe the limitations of traditional methods of Identifying bacteria. Three heaping teaspoons of the banana mixture that was made in the beginning of the experiment was then added to the shampoo, salt, and water solution and mixed with a spoon for five to ten minutes. For more info, see, Modern Language Association, 7th Ed. Then the bananas were mushed more. You must cite our web site as your source. The test tubes were then observed. 0000040688 00000 n For instance, the detergent or soap helps to break down the cells outer membrane, and the salt helps to separate the DNA from other materials in the cell. We understood how a buffer solutions disrupts the plasma membrane and releasing cellular components into the solution. For the genes DNA to subsequently influence an inherited trait, the stored genetic information in the DNA in most cases is first transferred to a closely related nuclei acid, RNA or ribonucleic acid. /Height 155 What does soap do when you wash your hands. 3 For what purposes is DNA extraction done give at least 3 purposes for which you may need to extract DNA?

banana dna extraction lab report conclusion 2023