The episode included an interview with attorney Jan Willem Koeleman, who assisted victims and survivors, detailing that he had discovered that an archive of the Aviation Council should remain secret. [1] 106 of the other occupants were badly injured. [12], The case against the State of the Netherlands served on 20 January 2014 in The Hague. Investigators are stunned by the data captured from the last minute of Martinair Flight 495, before it crashed on December 21, 1992: reduced power from the engine meant that the plane was. Originally rostered the late afternoon FAO service, he had been changed last-minute onto the early morning departure, meaning his plans to meet up with his family before Christmas had to be altered slightly. a sudden and unexpected variation in wind direction and speed (. According to the RLD, additional factors were: On 14 February 2011, the Algemeen Dagblad reported among other things about a new investigation, which was carried out by researcher Harry Horlings at the request of relatives. Martinair Flight 495 - Cockpit Transcript. The aircraft involved was a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30CF, registered PH-MBN, which was built in 1975 carrying the serial number 46924. I have never been so scared during a landing as that touchdown in Amsterdam and my colleagues and I squeezed each other tight. This was not fixed. Four nine five copied, report at minimums or runway in sight, runway surface conditions are flooded. The crash was the second air disaster for the Dutch in less than three months. He had been with Martinair for three years and had 2,288 flight hours, with 1,787 of them on the DC-10. December 29 - China Airlines Flight 358, a Boeing 747 freighter, . CDA member of parliament Pieter Omtzigt called this "very inappropriate" and demanded that the government ask for clarification. Holding short, Air Columbus one one five eight. A large thunderstorm lay directly over the airport and aircraft ahead of MP495 were reporting severe wind shear hampering their approaches. At 05.52 LT Flight 495 took off from Amsterdam for a flight to Faro. [1] 106 of the other occupants were badly injured. Press J to jump to the feed. Before long there was no one left and suddenly I felt strong arms wrap around me. The last image I saw was my partner, just smiling at me. a high descent speed and extreme lateral displacement which caused an excessive loading of the right landing gear, which in combination with a considerable angular displacement exceeded the structural limitations of the aircraft. Flightline Fairchild aircraft Metroliner III (EC-ITP) flight FLT400C, The combination of both factors determined stresses which exceeded the. On 8 July 2019, Martinair PH-CKA, a Boeing 747-400 operating as Flight 8372 from O.R. As I looked at the plane, I knew the people back home would not believe I was still alive. The disaster with Martinair Flight 495 happened on Dec. 21, 1992, when the Dutch DC-10 crash-landed at Faro Airport and 56 people were killed. . Airport personnel began to shuttle passengers from the crash site to the terminal. The first officer was 31-year-old Ronald J. H. Clemenkowff. 604K views 3 years ago Wikipedia: Martinair Flight 495 was a McDonnell Douglas DC-10 operated by Dutch airline Martinair, that crash-landed in severe weather conditions at Faro Airport,. His heroic and incredibly honest story is told here, much of it in his own words. This was not fixed. [3] It was delivered to Martinair on 26 November 1975. However, as the aircraft started its final approach the turbulence intensified. As of August 2016, the Martin Air fleet of cargo aircraft included four Boeing cargo transport planes. It is currently Sun Oct 23, 2022 3:01 am; All times are UTC; Thunderstorms and wind shear . 0 references. The real cause of a 1992 Martinair plane crash in Portugal was covered up and was actually caused by pilot error rather than bad weather conditions, according to a new report published on Monday. All I could taste was sand and realised that this could be the end. 2-The Jet was carrying investigators . The aircraft carried 13 crew members and 327 passengers, mainly holidaymakers from the Netherlands. Acidente com o McDonell Douglas DC10-30F - PH-MBN - Aeroporto de Faro (Relatrio Final).pdf 1,239 1,754, 189 pages; 2.61 MB According to the Portuguese aviation authorities (DGAC), the causes of the air disaster were likely to have been:[1]. This button displays the currently selected search type. PROBABLE CAUSES: "The high rate of descent in the final phase of the approach and the landing made on the right landing gear, which exceeded the structural limitations of the aircraft. Subscribe our Newsletter ! It was in that bus, all by myself that I looked back at the burning wreckage. However, the official investigation speaks of an unexpected gust of wind causing the aircraft to hit the ground. The captain was 56-year-old H. Willem van Staveren, who had been with Martinair since January 1968. The flight engineer was 29-year-old Gary W. Glans, who had been with Martinair for only eight months. According to Martinair, the faulty thrust-reverser was not a contributing factor in the accident. a high descent speed and extreme lateral displacement which caused an excessive loading of the right landing gear, which in combination with a considerable angular displacement exceeded the structural limitations of the aircraft. These cookies do not store any personal information. Pilot Reports Gust of Wind. Martinair flight 495 . Auto pilot C. 07.31:54: CAPT: OK, h, the runway is . Survivors felt that too little attention was being given to their experience from the crash. I knew I was going to die and to be honest, I felt at peace with it. December 21 - Martinair Flight 495 crashes in Faro, Portugal, killing 54 people and injuring 106. Tragically 54 passengers and two cabin crew were killed in the accident. Aviation accidents and incidents in Portugal, According to the official investigation by the Portuguese aviation authorities, According to the Dutch aviation authorities, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, airfleets.net McDonnell Douglas DC-10 MSN 46924 PH-MBN, "Martinair DC-10 verongelukt bij Faro (Portugal)", "airfleets.net McDonnell Douglas DC-10 MSN 46924 PH-MBN", "Analyse van ongeval Martinair DC-10-30F MP495", "Echte oorzaak vliegramp Faro in doofpot gestopt", "Uitgebreid interview met Harry Horlings", "Rechtbank Den Haag: nieuw deskundigenonderzoek in de Faro-ramp", "Dutch State partly liable in 1992 Faro plane crash, court rules", "Toestel Faro-ramp vertrok na grote druk", Pakistan International Airlines Flight 268, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martinair_Flight_495&oldid=1130269282, Airliner accidents and incidents caused by microbursts, Accidents and incidents involving the McDonnell Douglas DC-10, Airliner accidents and incidents caused by pilot error, Aviation accident investigations with disputed causes, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from May 2008, All articles needing additional references, Articles needing cleanup from February 2019, Cleanup tagged articles with a reason field from February 2019, Wikipedia pages needing cleanup from February 2019, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. the high sink rate in the last phase of the approach; the landing on the right landing gear, which exceeded the structural limitations of the aircraft; the transverse wind during the final approach and landing which exceeded the design limits of the landing gear given the flooded condition of the runway; the pilots' reducing throttle too early and allowing the aircraft to lose altitude in an unsafe manner; the airport providing incorrect wind information for the approach; the incorrect assessment of the condition of the runway by the crew; the overriding of the autopilot just before the landing, whereby the aircraft was flown manually in a critical phase of the landing; the delay by the crew in increasing altitude; the decrease of the aircraft's lift coefficient due to heavy rainfall. But some contributing factors in the official report also pointed towards possible crew errors, although they were not considered to be one of the leading causes of the crash. Log into your account document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Cleared to land runway one one, the wind one five zero, one five knots, maximum two zero. "It was a combination of luck and several other factors.". He had been with Martinair for three years and had 2,288 flight hours, with 1,787 of them on the DC-10. Season 22 guide for Mayday TV series - see the episodes list with schedule and episode summary. Windshield, uh windshiels anti-ice, ik zie niks. In November 1977, 132 people were killed when a TAP Air Portugal Boeing 727 crashed in Funchal, on the Atlantic island of Madeira. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. [11] On February 26, 2014, the court rendered judgment, ruling that additional damages were not necessary. The air disaster at Faro happened a few months after the crash of El Al Flight 1862, in an Amsterdam neighbourhood. Documentary Crime Drama A Martinair flight crashes in Portugal amid thunderstorms and heavy rain, and when investigators piece together the evidence the mystery only deepens. Forums Index - All forums; Portal page; MSFS 2020; FSX - FS2004 and Earlier [5] According to Horlings, there was no wind shear at the Faro disaster and the pilots had made serious mistakes. Just make sure to check your inbox.If you don't receive an email within 10 minutes, check also your spam folder. In addition, the responsible airline Martinair was also summoned. , God Bless you sir. Although the crash at Faro was deadlier, it received relatively little attention in the media. Flight attendants dont die. I couldnt reach my flashlight either. A large thunderstorm lay in the immediate vicinity of Faro airport, accompanied by heavy rain, windshear and low cloud. While searching, I found a pile of blankets that had fallen out of a luggage compartment and I decided to take them to the injured passenger, so I could put on my jacket again to be recognisable to the passengers and emergency services. The DC-10 fuselage split in two, coming to rest with the front section lying on its side. Nat This page was last edited on 29 December 2022, at 10:51. My parents talked about this crashed. The white/red DC-10 had broken into three pieces and was on fire, billowing big black puffs of toxic smoke from the fuselage. TAP 425 is also a very interesting case, unfortunately, my guess is that since the TAP crash is from 1977, and the Martinair one from 1992, the producers will do the later one, if they ever do it. There are different opinions about the causes of the air disaster. The flight engineer was 29-year-old Gary W. Glans, who had been with Martinair for only eight months. "People were still sitting in their seats. The DC10, PH-MBN Anthony Ruys, bought by the Royal Netherlands Air Force and after that leased back to Martinair is destined to be converted into a KDC-10. Martinair Flight 495 was a McDonnell Douglas DC-10 operated by Dutch airline Martinair, that crash-landed in severe weather conditions at Faro Airport, Portugal on 21 December 1992. Wind is coming from the right, thirty knots, drift twelve degrees, so you make it one two three or so. December 22 - Libyan Arab . Since every kilo counts in the air, we are continuously working to reduce weight on board. [5] According to Horlings, there was no wind shear at the Faro disaster and the pilots had made serious mistakes. Time Source Contents; 07.27:12: ATC: Martinair four six one, uh, on the ground at two eight, at the end and by the left, change to Tower frequency one, uh, one eight decimal two. Flydubai Flight 981 enters a rapid descent and crashes nose-first at R. Please help, The aircraft involved in the accident is seen at, Aviation accidents and incidents in Portugal, Aviation accidents and incidents in 1992(1992), According to the official investigation by the Portuguese aviation authorities, According to the Dutch aviation authorities, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, airfleets.net McDonnell Douglas DC-10 MSN 46924 PH-MBN, "Martinair DC-10 verongelukt bij Faro (Portugal)", "airfleets.net McDonnell Douglas DC-10 MSN 46924 PH-MBN", "Analyse van ongeval Martinair DC-10-30F MP495", "Echte oorzaak vliegramp Faro in doofpot gestopt", "Uitgebreid interview met Harry Horlings", "Rechtbank Den Haag: nieuw deskundigenonderzoek in de Faro-ramp", "Dutch State partly liable in 1992 Faro plane crash, court rules", "Toestel Faro-ramp vertrok na grote druk", Pakistan International Airlines Flight 268, Airliner accidents and incidents caused by microbursts, Accidents and incidents involving the McDonnell Douglas DC-10, Airliner accidents and incidents caused by pilot error, Aviation accident investigations with disputed causes. All I knew was that I had to get out. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. I couldnt undo my buckle and I noticed I was hanging from the ceiling. The starboard wing separated from the fuselage and the starboard fuel tank ruptured and the contents ignited. The episode included an interview with attorney Jan Willem Koeleman, who assisted victims and survivors, detailing that he had discovered that an archive of the Aviation Council should remain secret. which alamo defender was a former congressman from tennessee [email protected] However, Javier is shot in the leg while trying to We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. The airplane carried 327 passengers and 13 crew members on board, mainly vacationers from The Netherlands. The flight crew consisted of a Captain, a co-pilot and a flight engineer. Martinair - Part of the KLM Group Clouds background video Martinair Holland N.V. was established by aviation pioneer Martin Schrder on May 24, 1958 and today forms part of the KLM Group. [9], The Dutch Safety Board stated that it was unable to respond because the Council had not been able to view and assess the report from researcher Horlings. CVR transcript Martinair Flight 495 - 21 DEC 1992 Cockpit voice recorder transcript of the December 21, 1992 accident of Martinair Flight 495, a DC-10 at Faro. [6] According to Horlings, the data from the black box was incomplete in the Dutch report from 1993; the last seconds were missing. [7][8] In the cover letter to the report of the American Aviation Service, in which the data from the black box were presented, it was indicated that the autopilot had been used incorrectly. ; The crosswind, which exceeded the aircrafts limits and which occurred in the final phase of the approach and during landing. Statements. At the hospital the press were waiting for us, with their cameras and their disrespectful flash lights. . Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Serving the aviation industry and independent toy and The report also recommended improving the training of pilots. 495 DC-10 , 1992 12 21 , 56 284 , 1990 . One of my lovely Facebook followers, Herman Jansink contacted me regarding this terrible accident. He had been with Martinair for three years and had 2,288 flight hours, with 1,787 of them on the DC-10. The aircraft carried 13 crew members and 327 passengers. ", Mr. Meeuwesse said he escaped through a rear emergency exit just before the plane caught fire. The pilots first contacted Colombo's Air Traffic Control at 1616 hours GMT (local time 9.46 p.m) to report they were 130 nautical miles from the airfield. [14], On 16 January 2016, the Dutch current affairs program EenVandaag aired an episode about the disaster. 54 passengers and 2 crew members died. Investigators are stunned by the data captured from the last minute of Martinair Flight 495, before it crashed on December 21, 1992: reduced power from the engine meant that the plane was dropping at a terrifying rate of 1,000 feet per minute.Paramount+ is here! According to the Aviation Safety Network, the aircraft in question bore the registration PH-MBN, and had 340 people (327 passengers and 13 members of crew) onboard for its flight from Amsterdam to Faro. Attorney Jan Willem Koeleman, who assisted some of the surviving relatives, announced that he would request Martinair to recognize liability and pay additional compensation. Two passengers came back towards the plane and as I was sending them away, they began screaming that their baby was still inside. According to Martinair, the faulty thrust-reverser was not a contributing factor in the accident. They united as the "Anthony Ruys Foundation," named after the name of the aircraft, to engage with the media. The plane would then travel through the microburst, and fly into the tailwind, causing a sudden decrease in the amount of air flowing across the wings. The flights Purser asked who wanted to assist the flight attendant working in the lower galley. This accounts for 2.5 tons of CO2 reduction per year per net. confessionsofatrolleydolly.com by Dan Air. Forums Index - All forums; Portal page; MSFS 2020; FSX - FS2004 and Earlier Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts, https://twitter.com/OnDisasters/status/1341162168687980547. The aircraft carried 13 crew members and 327 passengers, mainly holidaymakers from the Netherlands. As we moved away I stumbled over a passenger who was unable to move. 54 passengers and 2 crew members died. [12], In January 2020, the District Court of the Hague ruled that the Dutch state was partly responsible for the accident.[13]. image. Some passengers came towards me and others stayed in their seats, totally frozen. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Unlike the court in Amsterdam, the court in The Hague deemed further investigation necessary and wished to hear experts. Step inside for a selection of photos of DC-10s, MD-11s, L-1011s, 727s, and even a TU-154! A radio station said the pilot of the Martinair flight from Amsterdam, who broke his collarbone in the crash, had told a doctor that a strong wind gust shook the jet as the crew tried to land and that a wing hit the ground. This is a digitized version of an article from The Timess print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. The DC-8 plane crashed into the Sapta Kanya mountain range 10 minutes after 10.00 pm on December 4, 1974. country. Change). NYCAviation is a worldwide aerospace news and resource organization for aviation enthusiasts and industry professionals alike. A group of 116 former and current Martinair cargo pilots claimed in 2013 that they had become employed with KLM following a transfer of undertaking (overgang van onderneming) pursuant to Article 7:662 of the Dutch Civil Code.A transfer of undertaking is defined under Dutch law as 'a transfer, by means of an agreement, merger or demerger, of an economic entity which retains its identity after . Today, Herman, who is still flying, and the crew of Martinair Flight MP495 join our courageous Angels Of The Sky and of course, we especially remember the two crew that tragically perished in the accident. a high descent speed and extreme lateral displacement which caused an excessive loading of the right landing gear, which in combination with a considerable angular displacement exceeded the structural limitations of the aircraft. Thank god, the baby was later found alive. I hated them. The airplane carried 327 passengers and 13 crew members on board, mainly vacationers from The Netherlands. 0 references. the pilots' reducing throttle too early . 16deg. Nowadays airplanes rely on automatic landing when the visibility of the pilot is just 75 meters - usually at night and in fog. I remember hearing the sound of metal, scratching on concrete as the DC-10 began to tumble. 54 passengers and . [11] On the same day on which the District Court ruled in Amsterdam, 26 February 2014, a decision was also made here by means of an interlocutory judgment. The crew consisted of Captain Yitzhak Fuchs (59), First Officer Arnon Ohad (32) and Flight Engineer Gedalya Sofer (61). Faro, on Portugal's southern tip, is a major transit point for smaller resort communities in the region. On December 21, 1992, Martinair Flight 495 crashes off the right side of the runway while attempting to land at Faro Airport in Faro, Portugal, in severe weather conditions, killing 56 of the 340 people on board. The Right Landing Gear fractured, followed by the separation of the Right Wing from the Fuselage, starting a rotation of the aircraft along its longitudinal Axis. Jansink was one of the ten cabin crew working the flight that day. // Start of 'kettle' tone - radio altimeter passing 50ft //, // Sound of throttles pushed full forward //. The aircraft made a hard landing on the left hand side of Runway 11. Following this hard landing, the starboard main gear collapsed. With the number being 1 in 11 million, coming across a fatal plane crash may seem rare, but knowing a thing or two about it might end up saving your life. One minute later it was switched from CWS to manual and the airspeed began falling below approach reference speed. Victims and relatives of an air crash of 20 years ago in Faro, Portugal, have sued the Dutch state, Dutch newspaper Algemeen Dagblad reported on Friday. 1 reference. After confirming smoke was reaching the cabin, the pilot decided to turn around and return to the airport. Welcome! In addition, the crosswind during the approach and landing also exceeded the aircrafts limits. by Editor | Dec 21, 1992 | Aviation Accident | 0 comments, wreckage of Martinair Holland DC10-30F (PH-MBN) flight MP495. A pilot inexperienced with microbursts would try to decrease the speed. Copyright 2023 NYCAviationAll Rights Reserved. It was a clear night, the weather at Katunayake airport was reported as good with light winds, visibility in excess of 10 kilometres, and some scattered clouds to the east of the airfield. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. It was just a few days before Christmas so they knew the flight would be full of passengers off to meet loved ones, or to soak up some winter sunshine in the Algarve. After some hesitation, as the job downstairs under the feet of the passengers was very demanding, Jansink raised his hand. "On the third time he came in steep, and I looked out the window and saw the motor on the wing burst into flames and the wing hit the ground. It must have been pretty scary for your parents to realize a plane had crashed in the city you live! Now, many years later, I still love my job. Among those were the premature power reduction, an incorrect evaluation by the crew of runway conditions and the delayed action of the crew in increasing power. Following one unsuccessful landing attempt the crew attempted a VOR/DME procedure approach to runway 11 (later runway 10) during which the aircraft flew through at least two microbursts. However, he had worked for both Canadian Airlines and Swissair from 1988 to 1992. 80ft RA, causing the aircraft to be in manual control in a critical phase of the landing; the delayed action of the crew in increasing power; the degradation of the lift coefficient due to heavy showers." Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The starboard wing separated from the fuselage and the starboard fuel tank ruptured and the contents ignited. [2] The aircraft was named Anthony Ruys in honor of one of Martinair's former commissioners. I wish I could tell this F/A thank you on behalf of all of us who fly he did his job even though it could have killed him and he saved lives as best he could and then he went back to work and continued to serve and how many people might not know his experience and might unfortunately take him for granted. Attorney Jan Willem Koeleman, who assisted some of the surviving relatives, announced that he would request Martinair to recognize liability and pay additional compensation. Until that point my mind was in shock and I had been in complete survival-mode and if im being honest, I didnt think of passengers at all. Several who survived today's crash said the pilot had made several passes over the runway during the rainstorm before trying to land. If he had reported the correct conditions its likely the pilots would have waited, gone to a different airport or not tried the positive landing. [16], Media related to Martinair Flight 495 at Wikimedia Commons, According to the official investigation by the Portuguese aviation authorities, According to the Dutch aviation authorities, Last edited on 29 December 2022, at 10:51, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, airfleets.net McDonnell Douglas DC-10 MSN 46924 PH-MBN, "Martinair DC-10 verongelukt bij Faro (Portugal)", "airfleets.net McDonnell Douglas DC-10 MSN 46924 PH-MBN", "Analyse van ongeval Martinair DC-10-30F MP495", "Echte oorzaak vliegramp Faro in doofpot gestopt", "Uitgebreid interview met Harry Horlings", "Rechtbank Den Haag: nieuw deskundigenonderzoek in de Faro-ramp", "Dutch State partly liable in 1992 Faro plane crash, court rules", "Toestel Faro-ramp vertrok na grote druk", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martinair_Flight_495&oldid=1130269282. It was a clear night, the weather at Katunayake airport was reported as good with light winds, visibility in excess of 10 kilometres, and some scattered clouds to the east of the airfield. Finally I was reunited with my colleagues and there I found out that the two girls at the over-wing exits were not there. Design Podcast by Lopez - via Podcast Addict | Desain dapat diartikan sebagai proses perencanaan bentuk dengan tujuan supaya benda rancangan mempunyai fungsi se The DC-10 fuselage split in two, coming to rest with the front section lying on its side. I just retired after 40 years for me. I told her we had to get out and as we didnt see any more passengers in our compartment, I pushed her through the rip and followed her myself. The aircraft carried 13 crew members and 327 passengers, mainly holidaymakers from the Netherlands. My partner had been on the phone ever since media picked up the accident because a lot of our friends knew that I was going to Faro that day. Martinair flies into airports such as Seoul, London, Chicago, and Buenos Aires. // Sound of selector know, pause, 4 clicks, selector knob //. The pilots had been warned of some bad weather at their destination and the possibility of thunderstorm activity. His story send chills down my spine, and I have a lot of respect for him , I never knew you wrote this about me, dear Nathalie; you make me blush, gorgeous dear colleague!! But as I began to crawl outside, I realised I had to do something. Stream all your favorites shows now on Paramount+. Newark Liberty International Airport (EWR), New York John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK), FRIDAY PHOTOS: Fantastic Photos from the NYCAviation Photo Hangar. The Crew of Flightline flight FLT400C , consisted of the Commander and the Co-pilot, commenced duty at EGAA at 06.15 hrs on the 10 February 2011. We all hoped they had been taken to another hospital. Martinair Flight 495 was a McDonnell Douglas DC-10 operated by Dutch airline Martinair, that crash-landed in severe weather conditions at Faro Airport, Portugal on 21 December 1992. A single passenger was on board, travelling to Tel Aviv to marry an El Al employee. Their investigation, led by aviation expert Harry Horlings who analyzed data from the black box and cockpit conversations, led to different findings. [3] It was delivered to Martinair on 26 November 1975. A radio station said the pilot of the Martinair flight from Amsterdam, who broke his collarbone in the crash, had told a doctor that a strong wind gust shook the jet as the crew tried to land. [1] 106 of the other occupants were badly injured. Confessions of a Trolley Dolly, Red Air Plane Crashes At Miami InternationalAirport, Spanish Ryanair Cabin Crew Call For Six-Day StrikeAction, Tassie Tuxedo For New Virgin AustraliaUniform, Crew Member Sacked After Being Filmed Downing Booze While OnDuty, Flight Deck Mix Up Causes Virgin Atlantic Flight Return ToHeathrow, British Airways Uniform Through TheYears, Jan Brown, United Flight 232 The Un-FlyablePlane, Hijacking Heroine Uli Derickson TWA Flight847. Portuguese state television said the dead included two flight attendants. Pesawat ini dioperasikan atas nama Garuda Indonesia. At an altitude of 303m and 140kts speed the approach became unstable and at 177m the first officer switched the autopilot from CMD (command mode) to CWS (control-wheel steering). Martinair Holland flight MP495 crashed on 21 December, 1992, a DC-IO-30F aircraft registration PH-MBN, with 327 Passengers and 13 Crewmembers on Boardwhileexecuting an approach to Runway 11 at Faro Airport, for The DGAC describes as additional factors: The Dutch Office for the Investigation of Accidents and Incidents of the National Aviation Authority (RLD) indicated that the probable cause should be as follows:[1]. Smoke poured from the wreckage all day, hampering efforts to remove bodies. Following this hard landing, the starboard main gear collapsed.