The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. Refugee by Alan Gratz is a historical fiction novel written in 2017 that weaves together three compelling stories of families seeking sanctuary in other countries. On their way to Switzerland, the Landaus unfortunately run into German soldiers. Please wait while we process your payment. But Captain Schroeder recognizes the necessity of keeping those hopes alive, and so continues to conceal that there may be trouble when they reach Cuba. All storyboards are private and secure to the portal using enterprise-class file security hosted by Microsoft Azure. Lito jumps in the water to distract the Coast Guard, and Isabels mother gives birth to a boy, just as they reach the shore. Its other accolades include the Sydney Taylor Book Award, the National Jewish Book Award, the Cybils Middle Grade Fiction Award, a Charlotte Huck Award Honor, and a Malka Penn Award for . eNotes.com, Inc. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. Josefs story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. A passing, overcrowded boat cannot accommodate all of them, but at Mahmouds insistence, a woman onboard agrees to take Hana. However, the trouble begins when the ship docks in Havana harbor and the Cuban government does not allow the passengers to disembark. However, despite the presence of kind adults like Captain Schroeder, the ship is also haunted by Nazi spies, like Otto Schiendick, who mistreat Jews. Review: Refugee is a powerful novel about three very different children. eNotes.com Fast paced, insightful, filled with drama and tension. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. By focusing on details such as Ruths stuffed rabbit, Mahmouds counterfeit life jackets, and Isabels trumpet, fiction forces readers to view tragedy not as a removed phenomenon, but as something happening daily to people like us.. Refine any search. "Refugee - Summary" eNotes Publishing For Aaron, it represents a metaphorical death, as he disappears into the water and subsequently out of Josefs life. The citation above will include either 2 or 3 dates. As Landau's hysteria increases, Josef slaps his father's face. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Usually, Im not interested in history, but I couldnt put this book down. His father was put into a concentration camp during "The Night of Broken Glass," while Josef and his sister, Ruth watched their father being taken inhumanly. If there are three dates, the first date is the date of the original Renews March 11, 2023 With the threat of concentration camps looming, he and his family board a ship bound for the other side of the world Isabel is a Cuban girl in 1994. A gripping, visceral, and hold-your-breath intense story of three young refugees. In the end, these three stories are connected. What were some allusions (references to real people, places, events, religious practices, art, literature) present in the novel? Struggling with distance learning? Mahmouds journey is punctuated by icy rain even when he is still on dry land, as in Turkey, where his family scrambles for a dry place to stay. From the outset, Gratz places readers in the middle of the action and immediately demonstrates the cruelty of the Nazis against the Jews. When students storyboard, they are actively engaged in the learning process and can make connections between the text and their own lives. What are some of the themes, symbols and motifs present in the novel? Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida - 1994, 5 days (1) Themes and Colors Key Note: When citing an online source, it is important to include all necessary dates. Josef is a Jewish boy in 1930s Nazi Germany. And why do children lead the novels action? This is a must read for anyone, especially people who like history. If Cuba does not let the refugees in, it signifies a return to a society that is more than willing to be unjust and cruel toward them. Lito tells the story of the St. Louis and how he had to turn away so many refugees when he was a young policeman. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. After the police see Isabels father participate in a riot, there is no option but for the Fernandez family to leave Cuba by boat. 2023 . What is a conflict in the book Refugee by Alan Gratz? The Landaus disembark in France, which gives them some months of respite. The stories are set in different times and places and are told from the perspective of the refugee children. Though Josef is devastated, he wonders if this is what becoming a man means - not relying on your father. Six months later, Aaron tells his family in a letter that he has been released from the concentration camp Dachau by the Nazis on the condition that the family leave Germany immediately. Summary Themes Questions & Answers Characters Analysis Refugee Summary R efugee is a novel by Alan Gratz that examines three interrelated stories of the refugee experience. -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. According to history, most of the St. Louiss passengers had to return to Europe, denied asylum by Cuba and Europe. Alan Gratz is the bestselling author of a number of novels for young readers. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Refugee is a young adult literature novel by Alan Gratz published by Scholastic Corporation in 2017. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. Instant PDF downloads. Mahmouds father tells them that Germany is accepting Syrian refugees and if they can get to Greece, they will be able to travel within the European Union to reach Germany. The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. online is the same, and will be the first date in the citation. Summary & Analysis Josef: Berlin, Germany - 1938; Isabel: Outside Havana, Cuba - 1994 (1) Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria - 2015 (1) . Isabels story starts with a riot. Eventually, the captain announces that they are not going to be allowed to dock in Havana and that the boat will be leaving. In the back of the book, the author Alan Gratz offers ways that people can help refugees like Josef, Isabel, Mahmoud, and their families. Josef demonstrates his personal desire to grow up, but over the course of the novel he comes to recognize the value of being able to be a child. Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. Mahmouds story starts with their apartment building collapsing, due to people rioting because of the civil war going on in Syria. What is the summary of refugee? Mahmoud hands his sister, Hana, to another passing raft of refugees, knowing that his mother cannot hold her and swim. One example is when Josefs family falls apart and he has to be the leader by talking to other people and acting as the main adult of his family. Contact us PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Purchasing Fidel Castro has taken over the country of Cuba and the citizens are sick of his dictatorship. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Log in here. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Interestingly, the stories are also tied together through the symbolism of water and boats. Impossible odds and families in peril make for vivid and unrelenting suspense in these stories of flight and daring. It gives the reader an unflinching look at the humanity, courage, and struggle of refugees seeking safety and freedom. It only gets worse for them, but in the end, he learns a powerful life lesson: Its better to be visible than invisible, because even though the bad people can harm you, the good people can help you. While walking on the boat afterwards, a newly minted man, he overhears the stewards discussing how the ships engines are maxed out - in order to beat the other ships to Cuba. All three young people will go on harrowing journeys in search of refuge. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Ruth promises to help Mahmoud find Hana. Refugee is a novel by Alan Gratz that examines three interrelated stories of the refugee experience. This is an easy summary of the book Refugee by Alan Gratz. Lito atones for the past by treading water and returning to Cuba. A few of the crew, however, openly dislike the Jewish passengers, especially Otto Schiendick, who proudly states his Nazi allegiance. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. However, soon enough, Germany invades Poland, thus beginning World War II. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. This dude does his history homework and then hides it in a total page-turner. Josef and his family flee Nazi Germany in 1938; Isabel and her family flee Cuba in 1994; and Mahmoud and his family flee Syria in 2015. Is Ravis experience Josef Landau is a Jewish boy in Germany in 1938. date the date you are citing the material. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Wed love to have you back! We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. Refugee is a powerful novel about three very different children. Mahmoud Bishara's story begins in 2015, during the ongoing Syrian Civil War. Isabels story starts with a riot. Mahmoud decides that he no longer wants to be ignored and leads the refugees out of the prison, walking twelve hours to Austria. Lito keeps reminding himself and Isabel that they will get to America tomorrowmaanaa promise that soon reveals a deeper meaning. His father refuses to leave the cabin, thinking the gathering is a Nazi trap. At another level, however, water represents change, which many of the main characters have to undergo either to survive or to redeem themselves. Free trial is available to new customers only. https://www.storyboardthat.com/lesson-plans/refugee-by-alan-gratz, *(This Will Start a 2-Week Free Trial - No Credit Card Needed). Last Updated on June 29, 2020, by eNotes Editorial. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. While they travel, they ask if anyone has seen Hana. eNotes Editorial. Yet instead of succumbing to the despair of these events, Josef and the rest of his family resolve to try to find a better life in a new country. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. online is the same, and will be the first date in the citation. It carried 937 Jewish refugees who were seeking freedom from Nazi persecution in Germany. Also, there are parallels between the three stories, and at the end, all of the three stories are connected. The chapter ends as Josef searches for his father and realizes his father has jumped overboard. Josef recites the blessing and after the ceremony everyone congratulates him. This immediately places Josef in the role of an adult, forcing him to grow up quickly. In one, Josef and his Jewish family flee Nazi Berlin in 1938. REFUGEE braids three different stories of young refugees. Josef's story is set in Nazi Germany in 1939. Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. One example is when Josefs family falls apart and he has to be the leader by talking to other people and acting as the main adult of his family. Forced to be an asylum-seeker himself, Lito finally understands the predicament of those on the ship. These arent completely true stories, but these things do happen to real people, even today. date the date you are citing the material. The night that they were captured in France, Josef volunteered to be taken by the Nazis; both Josef and their mother were killed in concentration camps. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. These arent completely true stories, but these things do happen to real people, even today. Instant PDF downloads. publication online or last modification online. A storm sweeps them to the Bahamas, where they are not allowed to disembark; Ivn is attacked by sharks and eventually bleeds to death in the boat; and toward the end of the journey, Isabels pregnant mother goes into labor. The Circuit: Stories from the Life of a Migrant Child. What are the different settings of the novel and how does it affect and shape the characters? Aboard the St. Louis, Josefs family and the other passengers, all Jewish refugees, are treated well by Captain Schroeder and most of the ships crew. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. When the St. Louis reaches Havana Harbor in Cuba, the ship is not allowed to dock. Summary Josef is still outside the Havana Harbor, 21 days from home. Full of struggle, heroism, and non-stop adventure, Refugee is not only an important book, its a terrific story. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. Complete your free account to request a guide. for a group? on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% The refugees are welcomed in Austria, and Mahmouds family takes a train to Germany. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Josef, his sister Ruth, and his mother all travel to Hamburg to board a ship that will take them to Cuba. Heartrendingly, Josef notes that he and Ruthie never want to leave the St. Louis, the first place they have been treated as human beings in a long while. Josefs father gets sent to a concentration camp. However, beneath the surface, the ride isnt as perfect as it looks, and Josef has to take the initiative several times. The rest of the passengers grow angry. Storyboarding is an incredibly powerful tool for educators because it helps students process and understand the information in a deep, meaningful way. Even Mahmouds precarious raft is a promise of tomorrow. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Refugee is both thrilling and heartrending. As the starving populace rioted against dictator Fidel Castros police, Castro allowed Cubans to flee to the United States, thus ending the riots in effect. In Refugee, what is the climax of Mahmoud's story. The summary is broken up into approximately 50-page blocks. Once he is released, the family flees to Cuba. Things dont go as planned when a fight breaks out and the family has to leave their car and belongings behind. Want 100 or more? 4 Mar. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. Within the portal, all users can view and copy all storyboards. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! Making their way past ISIS operatives, they get to Turkey by road, where a boat is to take them to Greece tomorrow. Again, like it was for the Landaus at the Cuban coast, that tomorrow is deferred, day after day and week after week, and the family is forced to take shelter in an abandoned Turkish mall. Josef again shows his passage into adulthood, as he notices and worries about his mothers mental condition. The elderly woman Mahmoud meets is Ruth, Josefs younger sister. This is how Mahmoud puts it: No one cares about us if we stay out of your way, but if we come near you were seen as a burden. Lito, Isabels grandfather, allows himself to be deported so that the Fernandezes can make it to Florida. date the date you are citing the material. Though the stories are fictionalized, the events they draw from are historical, enabling readers to empathize with the perils of those whose lives are too often dismissed as remote news stories. The last date is today's After a violent conflict between the rebels and the Syrian government, Mahmoud and his family walk to the Turkish border. Isabel's story is like that of thousands of other Cuban immigrants who all fled Castro's Cuba. Equally real are the events of 1994 depicted in the novel. Already a member? What I really like about this book is the changing perspectives. Josef, his family, and the passengers are now faced with the possibility of being returned to Germany and to their certain death. With the threat of concentration camps looming, he and his family board a ship bound for the other side of the world, Isabel is a Cuban girl in 1994. They take a train to board the St. Louis, where it feels like paradise compared to the treatment they received the last couple of years. eNotes.com, Inc. Josef's story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. They run into several problems, like being in bloody water with many sharks around on a sinking boat and there are high stakes at the end. Comment on the use of imagery in "Games at Twilight.". Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. The interplay between water and vessel, then, marks the unpredictable nature of a refugees journey. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. When Josefs father is reunited with his family, they notice that Dachau has changed him: he is paranoid and very thin. Ed. This is how Mahmoud puts it: No one cares about us if we stay out of your way, but if we come near you were seen as a burden. Josefs father is taken to Havana to recover. Students will see themselves in the young protagonists: children faced with tragic circumstances but who, at their heart, are just kids who love their families and want to live in peace. Josef Landau Josef is a 13-year-old Jewish boy living in Germany in the 1930s. Mahmouds father arranges for a smuggler to take them to the island of Lesbos, in Greece. Josef Landauis fleeing Nazi Germany in 1939. If there are three dates, the first date is the date of the original Not only does Isabel rescue her father from arrest, she also sells her beloved trumpet to enable the family to buy gasoline to power the boat her neighbors, the Castillos, have been secretly building. Josef is a Jewish boy in 1930s Nazi Germany. This is a fascinating tale. Mahmoud should not have to decide to give away his little sister to save her life, Josef should not have to slap his father to subdue him, and Isabel should not have to scramble to arrange gasoline for a boat to take her family away to possible safety. creating and saving your own notes as you read. Padron tells Josef and his mother that Landau has been sedated and is recovering in a Cuban hospital. date the date you are citing the material. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs This compelling novel will help young people make sense of todays refugee crisis. The novel begins with the story line of twelve-year-old Josef, a Jewish boy in Germany. A biblical reference to Noahs ark as the sanctuary bridging creatures over troubled waters is implicit in the novels boat imagery. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Josefs father is convinced there is a trap, so Josef and his mother go without him. Mahmoud and his family travel through Serbia and into Hungary, where they are detained at a refugee camp that is built like a prison. White Read-Aloud Award Finalist, 2018 NCTE Charlotte Huck Outstanding Fiction for Children Honor Book, 2017 Malka Penn Award for Human Rights in Childrens Literature Honor Book, Kirkus Reviews Best Middle Grade Historical Books of 2017, Publishers Weekly Best Middle Grade Books of 2017, Southern Living Best Childrens Books of 2017, Publishers Weekly Best Audiobooks of 2017, School Library Journal Top Ten Audio Books of 2017, Booklist Editors Choice: Top 10 Audio for Youth 2017, Audible Best Kids Audiobooks of 2017 Finalist, Center for the Study of Multicultural Childrens Books Best Books of 2017, New York Public Library Top 100 Best Books for Kids 2017, Chicago Public Library Kids Best Fiction for Older Readers 2017, Amazon Top 20 Best Childrens Books of 2017, 2019 Oklahoma Sequoyah Intermediate Book Award Winner, 2018-2019 Pennsylvania Young Readers Choice Grade 6-8 Winner, 2018-2019 Maine Student Book Award Winner, 2018-2019 Vermont Dorothy Canfield Fisher Award Winner, 2019 North Carolina Childrens Book Award Winner, 2019North Dakota Flicker Tale Book Award Winner, 2020 Illinois Rebecca Caudill Young Readers Book Award Winner, 2020 Wisconsin Golden Archer Medal Winner, 2019-2020 Louisiana Young Readers Choice Awards Honor Book, 2020 Arizona Grand Canyon Reader Award Winner, 2019-2020 Tennessee Volunteer State Book Award Winner, 2019-2020 Indiana Young Hoosier Book Award Winner, 2020 California Young Reader Book Award Winner, 2019-2020 Minnesota Maud Hart Lovelace Award Winner, 2018 Colorado Blue Spruce Young Adult Book Award Nominee, 2018-2019 MarylandBlack-Eyed Susan Book Award Nominee, 2020 Nebraska Golden Sower Award Finalist, 2020 New Jersey Garden State Teen Book Award Nominee, 2020 Washington State Sasquatch Book Award Nominee, 2019 Hampshire (England) Book Award Finalist, 2020 Colorado Childrens Choice Book Award Masterlist, 2020 Pacific Northwest Young Readers Choice Award Masterlist, 2020 New Hampshire Isinglass Teen Read Award Masterlist, 2021 German Youth Literature Award Nominee. Thus, the sea comes to represent death, chaos, and uncertainty at one level. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Josefs story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Josefs hope starts to waver following the discovery that the ship may not actually allow them to find a new life in Cuba. Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. Continue to start your free trial. Refugee Chapters 22-32 Summary & Analysis. Refine any search. With riots and unrest plaguing her country, she and her family set out on a raft, hoping to find safety and freedom in America Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. In 1938, his home is raided by Nazi storm troopers, and his father is taken to the Dachau concentration camp. They have come to arrest Josef's father: "Other Jewish homes and businesses and synagogues were destroyed all over Germany, and tens of . Just when Miami becomes visible on the horizon, a U.S. Coast Guard boat tries to intercept the two families. In large numbers, Cubans are protesting the regime of Fidel Castro, whose flawed policies they believe have led to the economic catastrophe. What can you learn about the people and the time period from these allusions? This is an engaging tale. Refugee Alan Gratz Study Guide Summary Plot Overview Chapter Summaries Summary Chapter Summaries Josef / Berlin, Germany-1938 Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old boy living in Nazi Germany. They take a train to board the St. Louis, where it feels like paradise compared to the treatment they received the last couple of years. The stories are set in different times and places and are told from the perspective of the refugee children. Josef, Isabel, and Mahmouds strands begin to converge. The novel follows the stories of three refugee children in three different geographic locations and points in time. $24.99 This is a fascinating tale. Complete your free account to request a guide. His experiences with oppression in Germany, and then as a refugee, cause him to grow up far sooner than he should have to. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? Teachers and parents! A heartrending and important tale for our time. Last Updated on June 29, 2020, by eNotes Editorial. After a riot in Havana, Isabels family decides that they should also leave Cuba immediately. His family decides to leave and trek to Germany. Meant to be read, discussed, and shared widely. And although Josef, Isabel, and Mahmoud are separated by continents and decades, surprisingconnections will tie their stories together in the end. Josef and his sister Ruthie are just children, and yet they are needlessly abused by the soldiers. The boat the Castillos have cobbled together becomes the center of Isabels existence. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Josef, his father, mother, and little sister Ruthie are all asleep when their home is invaded during Kristallnacht, the night when Nazi police and "Brownshirts" were directed to destroy Jewish shops, homes, and synagogues, and terrorize Jewish citizens all across Germany. Chapter 22 Summary: "Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939" . The Bisharas set sail on the crowded raft, standing in the freezing rain and cold. After the war ended, Ruth returned to Germany to look for Josef and Rachel, but learned that the two were killed in concentration camps. Usually, Im not interested in history, but I couldnt put this book down. When the family is eventually caught, Josefs mother is forced to choose which of her children will be freed and which will be sent to a concentration camp. Pam Muoz Ryan, author of Echo and Esperanza Rising. Josef Landau, from the book Refugee, is a 13 year old boy born into the life of World War 2. The rumor proves all too true, however, when the ship is marooned at the Cuban harbor for days, with officials telling the passengers day after day they will be allowed to disembark maanaSpanish for tomorrow. Aaron, who suffers a mental breakdown and jumps ship, is rescued by a Cuban police officer called Mariano Padron and allowed into Cuba, but Josef, Rachel, and Ruthand the rest of the passengers of the St. Louisare turned back. Amidst the celebration of leaving, Josef is concerned about his father. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. What is the setting of "Games at Twilight" by Anita Desai? The woman promises Mahmoud that she will help them find Hana and reveals to them her own story of being a refugee. In their memory, she decided to make Berlin her home. This Study Guide consists of approximately 70pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - The audio version provides an ideal (even mandatory) opportunity for libraries to share these resonating tales with readers reluctant to pick up the page.