sonar caste in maharashtra

This is the Government Services Portal of India, developed with an objective to enable a single window access to services being provided by the various Indian Government entities. service, please let us know. Maharashtra: Caste OBC Certificate Fully Online Share This Check how to apply for Caste OBC certificate provided by the revenue department,Govt. Bachelor of Computer Applications (B.C.A), Master of Business Administration (M.B.A). By choosing to continue, you agree to our. Ceremonies like Ghapravea, changing the maiden name of the bride, and the puja are followed by some games to be played by the newly wed couple, and the visit to the family deity temple.Pancpartava or a feast is organised five days after marriage. , Uttar Pradesh The Caste system in Maharashtra is amid a big change. es were divided according to the place from where they hailed, the maha they followed and other criteria. [105], The most important sacrament for them is Vivha, Lagna or the wedding. [67][68], Their tutelary deities are primarily in the form of the Mother Goddess, though they revere all Vedic, Puranic and folk deities equally.[9]. Sonar is a Hindu community predominantly found in Maharashtra. ;Paija, Salle, Msol, Vle[116]). Author: Arthur Steele "Genetics of Castes and Tribes of India:Indian Population Milieu" by M. K. Bhasin, Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India, This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 14:57. [3] "A hollow, scooped out in the middle of the mud floor (of a room or verandah), does duty for the fireplace, while, close by, there is raised a miniature embankment, semi-circular in shape, with a hole in the middle of the base for the insertion of the bellows. on Friday told the legislative council that caste scrutiny committees had become depots of corruption. "Gomantak Prakruti ani Sanskruti", Part-1, p. 224, B. D. Satoskar, Shubhada Publication. View Full Profile. [36], The Portuguese imposed heavy restrictions on all Goan Hindus, but the Shets were granted exemption from certain obligations or liabilities. Blanks mean an unknown value. A detailed study of Comunidades[h] shows that baptised es were categorised as Bamonns. Local community leaderships often claim that the actual number of castes is very high than the ones recorded. Serious offences are reported to the swmy of Sode, who has authority to excommunicate, or to inflict heavy fines. [citation needed] According to the gazetteer of Goa state they are called Catholic es,[38] but no such distinction is found amongst Goan Catholics. 10. [52] This dispute almost took a pro-Daivadnya stance in Bombay in 1834,[55] and were ordered to appoint the priests of only their own Jti and not priests of any other caste as per the tradition. Being a coastal state, it was smooth for them to conduct trade and transport activities here. For instance, the Kaka Kelkar Commission report of 1955 said there were almost 2,400 OBC castes while Mandal Commission report of 1979 said there were 3,743 OBC castes across India. Pray for a chain reaction of Sonar families reaching families that results in thousands of new believers who share their faith with others. , India, Mumbai Following the guidance of the Mandal Commissions report on reservation for Other Backward Classes in educational institutes and public sector jobs, 27% reservation was given to OBCs. It is designed and developed by National Informatics Centre (NIC), Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India. [60] A small number have Portuguese[62] or Kenyan citizenship,[63] and a few live in Karachi, Lahore[64] Pakistan, but most of them have settled as refugees in Ulhasnagar after partition. Deleted 157. The Marathas comprise 32%; OBCs form 33.8% of the population in Maharashtra. These comprise castes like Saraswats, Deshasthas, Daivadnyas, etc. The dead are burned, and the ashes are thrown into a river. 11 barber/nai 12 cheetamdr 13 cheltian 14 chetiar 15 chettiar . They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. We welcome. The Hindu caste system was ruled by the Brahmins in Maharashtra. castes. Hey Shubham, all the information available are collected from the internet. In India it is primarily an investment, its ornamental purpose being an incident. In case of girls(who were always married before attaining puberty some 75100 years ago), a ceremony associated with a girl's first menstruation was observed in olden days. [34] About 12,000 families from the Ssa region of Goa (from Raia, Cuncolim, Loutolim, Vera and other places), mostly of the eavs and the Shets, including Vaishya Vani, Kudumbi, and others, departed by ship to the southern ports of Honnvara to Kozhikode. It is one of the most important temples in the northern part of Goa. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. , India, Thane Daivadnyas in Maharashtra, i.e. 10. The Census 2021 will be a tough challenge as well. BharatMatrimony - the pioneer in online matrimony, is the most trusted matrimony service for Millions of Indians worldwide. Historically, Maharashtra is a Hindu dominated state followed by Muslims; their populations being more than 7,78,59,000 and 1,02,70,000, respectively. 6) Affidavit Caste Certificate for ST Caste (Form-A-1) 7) Extract of birth register of the applicant/father/or relatives. Detailed information is provided about each Sonar match including family antecedents, socio-economic background, food preferences and educational cum professional qualifications. Our purpose is to build a better Bharat through happy marriages. Community based matrimonial websites are popular in caste prevalent India. [59] Many families have migrated to Mumbai and have founded organisations such as the Kanara Daivajna Association,[60] and Daivajna Shika Maala. The occupation, the pattern of consumption, and even the language and social mores being defined by caste, it is but natural that the people of Today they arrange them with the Daivajas of Karnataka and Maharashtra. In rare instances a representative photo may be used. There is a proverb, uncomplimentary to the goldsmiths, to the effect that a goldsmith cannot make an ornament even for his wife, without first secreting some of the gold or silver given him for working upon. [56], In 1849, the king of Kolhapur, Shahu Maharaj, provided land grants to the Daivadnyas who had migrated to princely states of Kolhapur and Satara and helped them build their hostels for the students pursuing education. [26][27][28] Daivadnyas (during the conflicts that arose in the 19th century) refuted this claim, which called them Rathakaras of impure descent, on the basis of Shastra, and they were supported by Shringeri Shankaracharya, and Brahmin councils of Kashi and Paithan. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Thoria 160. Eligible marriage seekers can register their biodata on a Ahir Sonar matrimonial website to find a suitable match within the Ahir Sonar community. An extinct script called as Goykanadi[i] was used by the traders in the early 16th century. , India. The hatred was so severe until the 19th century that only fear of the police kept the peace. Populations are scaled to the current year. Ahir Sonar is a Hindu community predominantly found in Maharashtra. Sondi. Maharashtra 1,339,000 Uttar Pradesh 1,165,000 Andhra Pradesh 773,000 Bihar 751,000 Madhya Pradesh 580,000 Telangana 474,000 Rajasthan 461,000 4) Affidavit Caste Certificate (Form-2) and (Form-3) 5) Copy of revenue records or village panchayat record. [50] The Joshis denied their Brahmin claim, allegedly argued that they are not even entitled to Upabrhmaa status which are mentioned in the aivgama. General Category cast List In Maharashtra. The Saskras begin to be observed right from the day of conception, but the prenatal sacraments like Garbhadhna, Pusavana, are usually performed as a part of the wedding ceremony nowadays, unlike some 30 years ago these sacraments were held separately after the wedding ceremony at the right time. In the mid-20th century, the Mahar began to migrate in large numbers to urban centres (e.g., Mumbai [Bombay], Nagpur, Pune [Poona], and Sholapur), where they were employed as masons, industrial labourers, railway workers, mechanics, and bus and truck drivers. [131], The tradition of studying Vedas amongst the Goan es does not exist any more,[73] but Daivadnyas from Gokara, Honnavara and many other places in coastal Karnataka and Kokaa division of Maharashtra have kept this tradition alive. [110] There was no custom of widow remarriage in the past[111] neither is it very common nowadays[112] nor was there any custom of divorce. [61] The Shimoga, Chikkamagaluru, Koagu, Davangere, and Hubli-Dharwad districts of Karnataka now have a considerable Daivadnya population. [29][30] According to Vihhala Mitragotr, the migration to Goa dates back to the early 4th to 6th century CE, with the Bhoja dynasty. Though the Sonar community is associated with goldsmithing, they deal with other aspects of the jewelry business as well, no matter what South Asian country they reside. As you would imagine, they are a wealthy community. [66] Women are not allowed in the crematorium. They are referred as Gavli in southern Maharashtra, Goa and northern Karnataka, Golla in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka [1] [2] and Ahir in northern Maharashtra ( Khandesh region ). [52][53] The British also issued orders to the Daivadnyas by which the Vedas not be applied for an improper purpose, the purity of the Brahmin caste be preserved[54] and did not impose any restrictions on the Daivadnyas. ST (Scheduled Tribe) 180. Sonar matrimony is a matchmaking website for Sonar caste people. Are Muslims included in 33.8 percentage of obc population or else the total population of obcs is 43.8 by adding muslims. [23][24] There is also a claim that Daivdnyas are descent from the Vedic Rathakara as mentioned in Taittiriya Brahmana of Yajurveda, and Smritis , however Daivadnya community deny this. Another similar ritual, Dntolyo is also performed by the maternal uncle when the baby gets new teeth, on the first birthday of the child. [citation needed] Whether Hindu or Catholic, the community always enjoyed their social status, and were permitted to remain in Christianised parts of Goa, provided they kept a low profile, observed certain disciplines, and paid a tax of three xeraphims of (gold mohor) annually to the Portuguese. Some are diamond cutters while others design beautiful jewelry or idols. You can register your biodata on this page just below the text "Register FREE here in 1 minute!" This page was last edited on 9 July 2021, at 04:50. Sonar goldsmiths hold an essential role in traditional Hindu weddings in India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. [50], Previously, Daivajas from Goa refrained from having matrimonial alliances outside Goa. VVH3842 - Hindu Marathi, Sonar Bride/ Girl from Maharashtra, Wardha. Inform UsIf you know a Govt. cutting child's hair for first time, Vidyrabha or commencement of studies, are performed as per caste rules. In this devotional Pandharpur Wari, more than half a million . Users can express unlimited interests with custom messages in a 100 Rs plan. One needs certificate of profession of before 1967. [132], Daivadnyas in the state of Maharashtra and Karnataka are classified by National Commission for Backward Classes as an Other Backward Class.[133]. A large number of castes and communities in Maharashtra go unrecorded. Rice with fish curry is their main food. Ahir Sonar matrimony is a matchmaking website for Ahir Sonar caste people. , Maharashtra [66]Smntapuj, Kanydna, Kakaa-bandhana, Magalasutra-bandhana, Saptapadi, Ljahoma, Amrohaa, Vyanadna form the actual parts of the wedding ceremony. The British used Bombay (now Mumbai) as their headquarters for the western zone of India. , India, Saharanpur Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The earliest document written in this script is a petition addressed by Ravala e to the king of Portugal. There are no mentions of the es practising this occupation in the early history, although they used to make gold and silver images for the temples, which old texts suggest they have inherited this art from the Bhojaks[29] who made idols of the Sun god, hence were also called as Murtikras. [9], Along with educationally advanced communities in the 1850s the CKPS, Pathare Prabhus, Saraswats, Parsis;Daivadnyas were one of the communities in the Bombay Presidency that allowed female education. The followers of Adi Shankara worship deities as prescribed by him as Panchayatana puja a concept of worshipping God in any of the five forms, namely Shiva, Devi, Ganesha, Vishnu and Surya, that was propagated by Adi Shankara (8th century) is observed by Daivadnyas today. [33], In 1510 the Portuguese invaded Goa. [127] From the old documents it can be also seen that few of them were involved in politics,[128] and were employed by the kings for their service. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a4956642b562ae012110e71df46527b5" );document.getElementById("jbc3b3e5df").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Thousands of Daivadnya families fled to the interior of Maharashtra and coastal Karnataka. [111], Their priests are usually from their own caste otherwise, particularly Karhade priests officiate their ceremonies whom they show much reverence. In the early 1980s the Mahar community was believed to constitute about 9 percent of the total population of Maharashtraby far the largest, most widespread, and most important of all the region's . Most of them are Vaishnavites, but a few follow Siva. Sonar. The Sonars or Sonagras of South Canara are described by Mr. H. A. Stuart *[1] as a goldsmith caste, who "speak Konkani, which is a dialect of Marthi, and are believed to have come from Goa. 2) Evidence in support of caste certificate. Omissions? Map Design: Joshua Project, Joshua Project data is drawn from many sources and of varying accuracy depending on source and editorial decisions. Daivadnya Brahmin Sonar, Groom, 31 Years, Divorced/Separated, Pune, S549406 - Profile created for marriage purpose on Matchfinder Up to 1476 there was no proper Vaishnavism in Goa, but later under influence of Madhvacharya many of them embraced Madhwa philosophy. They are native to the Konkan and are mainly found in the states of Goa and Damaon, Canara (coastal Karnataka ), coastal Maharashtra, and Kerala. In great need of spiritual renewal and commitment to biblical faith. Konkanastha who lived towards Konkan (Western coastal Maharashtra region). [14] The guild or members of the guilds of traders, merchants, and their employees who were mainly artisans, craftsmen, and husband-men in ancient Goa like elsewhere in ancient India, were called Shreni, and the head of the guilds were called Shrestha or Shresthi, which meant His Excellency. Female . [66] All other sacraments related to it, like Kenta or the first shave, Vedarambha or, Samvartana or So Munj are performed as a part of thread ceremony nowadays. This word is derived from the word Shrestha or Shresthin[9][10] Daivadnyas are part of Other Backward Castes (OBC) in the states of Karnataka and Maharashtra. [10] After the child is born, ten days of birth pollution or Suyer is observed, by keeping an oil lamp lit for ten days. The government of Maharashtra notified as per gr to all education sectors update their educational records as per reservation is 16% for Maratha caste category. Though Sunar is an artisan caste and is a heterogenous community where people from different backgrounds adopted the work of goldsmiths. 3) Evidence of the applicant original village/ town. You can directly use the link of this page as the source. Daivadnya Sonars in Maharashtra claim to be Brahmins and call themselves as Daivadnya Brahmins[4] however this is not accepted by the Brahmins there. The gold-smiths claim themselves to be Daivadnya Brahmins. For eg. In the Madras Census Report, 1901, the Sunnri (or Sonnri) are described as Oriya goldsmiths (see Risley, Tribes and Castes of Bengal, Sonar). [5] The Poona government did not accept the claim either but the Bombay Sonars continued with the claim. A displayed zero can mean true zero, a very small rounded number or sometimes unknown. "We want to see if we can increase the committees. The Marathi linguistic but Buddhists by ethnicity are known as Marathi Neo Buddhists. 3 maharashtra 3165 sonar chatri 3 maharashtra 3166 sonar maratha 3 maharashtra 3167 sonar zade 3 maharashtra 3168 sonar 3 maharashtra 3169 sutar loharsutar . Maharashtra is the 2nd most populous state of India after Uttar Pradesh. The Karavedha or Kn topap ceremony is held on the 12th day in case of a male child, or for a female child, it is held a month after the birth. In former times, goldsmiths held the post of Nottakran (tester) or village shroff (money-changer). In the early 1980s the Mahar community was believed to constitute about 9 percent of the total population of Maharashtraby far the largest, most widespread, and most important of all the regions officially designated Scheduled Castes (people of the lowest social class, who had been branded untouchable before the Constitution of 1949 outlawed discrimination against them). [46] They strictly observe Gotra exogamy. Rising Above Caste, Patriarchy And Religion: Maharashtra's 800-Year-Old Pandharpur Wari. K. Mumbai, hane, Pune, Kolhapura, Satara, contemporarily speak Marahi. Fundamental changes in the caste system of Maharashtra are bound to take place. Tandel 156. [48] These Daivadnya families had migrated from Ratnagiri, to Pune during the reign of Baji Rao I, who always upheld their claims against the Vyavahare Brahmans or the Puna Joshis. This appellation comes from their guild organisations, during the medieval ages. You can modify caste preferences anytime from "Profile>Partner Preferences" menu. Most of them can be called Sakara Jti or mixed caste, and their social status varies from those with high social status, who are ritually pure and have the right to perform "strata-smarta" rituals and to those considered fallen or degraded. ", Castes and Tribes of Southern India/Sonar. List of Castes & Tribes in Maharashtra Social /Maharashtra- List of Castes & Tribes Forums- FC , OBC , SBC, SC , ST , VJNT . Some of the most common ones are: Ambekar, Gaikwad, Gokhale, Kulkarni, Mahajan, Pawar, and Shelke. "They are asked for old records and they only get certificates after they . This is the cause as well as the outcome of the increased population diversity in the state since time unknown. , India, Faridabad Ceremonies like the first outing or Nikrmaa, Jval or cdkara i.e. A prosperous, vibrant state with promising human and natural resources, Maharashtra is one of the most developed states in India. Please. The actual wedding ceremony is performed as per gveda. In the list available by the National Backward Classes Commission, any user can find his caste from OBC Cast List Maharashtra by entering the name of his caste and community. OBC (Other Backward Class) 550. VVH3842 : Sonar (Marathi) from Wardha (1 picture) Age 44 Years; Height 5ft 3in - 160cm; Marital Status Never Married; Posted by Sibling; Religion Hindu Caste Sonar Community Marathi; Complexion Fair; Body Type Average; Profession Looking for a Job; Education Masters in Science . Vaddera is an Indian ethnic community native to Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Western Orissa and other states in India . [20] Most of documents from Mumbai from early 19th century mention them as Konkanastha Daivajna Rathakara and Konkanastha Daivadnya. Child marriage is absent though girls were married off before attaining puberty, this custom was prevalent till the 19th century. . , Maharashtra Many cities in Maharashtra are industrial, economic, educational centres with highly advanced modern residential facilities. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Crucibles of clay or cow-dung, baked hard in the sun, tongs and hammers, potsherds of charcoal, dirty tins of water, and little packets of sal-ammoniac, resin, or other similar substances, all lie scattered about the floor in picturesque confusion. Read more. Deo means 'God' in Marathi. [101] One's father's brother's children as well as mother's sister's children are considered as brothers and sisters, whereas mother's brother's children Eligible marriage seekers can register their biodata on a Sonar matrimonial website to find a suitable match within the Sonar community. Marriages within the same gtra are strictly prohibited. Due to some unavoidable conflicts between the two sects in the community a new maha was established in Sri Kshetra Karki, Honnvara, in North Canara district. Rjave samagra shitya, Volumes 7-8 [66] They usually own their own cremation grounds. Ahir Sonar marriage bureaus are physical offices or consultancies run by marriage brokers who act as mediators between the bride and groom families. Joshua Project occasionally adjusts profile text from third party sources. Their religious and cultural beliefs were constantly influenced by other religions such as Jainism, Buddhism and later the Nath sect when the ruling dynasties patronised them. of Maharashtra.The department will provide service within 18 days. [89] Gomantaka Daivadnyas speak a dialect of Kokai known as Goan Kokai which the Ethnologue recognises as the Gomntak dialect, further divided into sub-dialects such as the Brdesc Bhs or north Goan, Prama or standard Koka and Sic Bhs or south Goan. Sonar (Caste No Bar), B.Com., Banking Professional, Mumbai, Maharashtra. Sonar.. Is Increasing the Legal Age of Marriage for women enough for their empowerment? With his miserable tools the Hindu goldsmith turns out work that well might, and often deservedly does, rank with the greatest triumphs of the jeweller's art. Daivadnyas speak Kokai and its dialects. [113][111], Daivajas observe all the Hindu festivals but Ganesh Chaturthi, Nag Panchami and Diwali are the most important annual festivals. [3], Daivadnyas are a subgroup of Sonars (Gold Smiths) and hence they are called as Daivadnya Sonars or Suvarakara[a] or simply Sonar[b]. Daivajas also honour various saints like Sathya Sai Baba, Dada Maharaj of Patgaon, Raghavendra Swami, Narasimha Saraswati, Swami Samarth Maharaj, Sai Baba of Shirdi, Shreedhar Swami, Mata Amritanandamayi and Makipura Svm. K. Some of them were even associated with salvage operation of the vessels, and sometimes even provided the Portuguese with troops, ships and crew. [66], Daivadnyas who follow the Vaishnavism of Madhvacharya worship Vishnu and Lakshmi as their prime deities and have established many temples of Vishnu in the form of Lakshminarayan, Krishna, Venkatesha, Narasimha and Vithoba. Thetwar 159. They are found in the Arab countries[62] and have been migrating overseas in pursuit of higher education and employment for number of years, notably to the US and UK. Looking for Sonar Brides in Maharashtra? During registering a bride or groom profile, enter caste as "Sonar" in the first step of registration. A possible Pancayatana set may be: Shantadurga, Shiva, Lakshminarayan (Vishnu with his consort Lakshmi), Ganesha and Surya. The deputy CM pointed out people other states living in Maharashtra for many years don't have records from Maharashtra. Children recited Shlokas, Shubhankaroti, Parvacha, as the womenfolk lit the lamp in front of the deity, tulasi and ancestors. By choosing to continue, you agree to our. By town - Many of the Maharashtrian surnames are derived from towns their family hails from. [96], Daivaja traders had developed a unique slang called Kal Bhs, which was used to keep the secrecy of the trade by the traders. Sonar marriage bureaus are physical offices or consultancies run by marriage brokers who act as mediators between the bride and groom families. A prosperous, vibrant state with promising human and natural resources, Maharashtra is one of the most developed states in India. [100], Konkani people in general though speak Indo-Aryan languages follow Dravidian kinship practices (see Karve, 1965: 25 endnote 3). . This includes castes like Lohars (ironsmith), Kumbhar (potter), Malis (Gardeners), Nawhi (barbers), Sonar (Goldsmith), Telis (oil pressers), Chambers (blacksmiths), Sutars (carpenters), etc. Registration required Rate this Comment Related Links Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Co. Ltd. [66] On the sixth day following childbirth, the goddess a is worshipped. In effect, this meant establishing whether the Dhangars of Maharashtra were the same as the Dhangads elsewhere in the country, and create a safeguard against any legal challenge . European documents mentions them as "Chatim" or "Xette", which is corruption of Konkani Shett, or Shetty. [104], Usually the birth of the first child is supposed to take place in woman's mother's home. In this article, we will look at the caste-wise demographics of Maharashtra and learn more about their aspects. Pen-and-ink Sketches of Native Life in Southern India, 1880. https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Castes_and_Tribes_of_Southern_India/Sonar&oldid=11488906. [86], The emigration of Goan Shets to Kerala dates from the early 13th century,[87][full citation needed] when most of them settled in the port of Cochin. Maharashtra, a state in Western India, is home to more than 9% of India's population. [66] The body is generally carried to the cremation ground by the son of the deceased and his/her close relatives. Many of them are priests who offer religious services to the community,very few of them are astrologers and temple priests. [34][35] A considerable number of the Shets from Goa settled in Ratnagiri and the Thane district of Maharashtra, especially the Tansa River valley, after the Portuguese conquest of Goa. Rjave samagra shitya, V. K. Rajwade [citation needed], The Keralite Shets have a temple dedicated to Gopalakrishna, which is perhaps the oldest temple in Fort Cochin.[88]. Other migrant communities like Lingayats from Karnataka and Gujjars from Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh were among the remaining fraction of the society who later settled in Maharashtra. [3] Daivadnyas are a subgroup of Sonars (Gold Smiths) and hence they are called as Daivadnya Sonars or Suvarakara [a] or simply Sonar [b]. P iroakara, H. K. Mandal, Anthropological Survey of India, p. 64, "Central List of OBCs - State: Karnataka", "DNA Mumbai Anniversary special: A look at legacy of city's father Jugonnath Sunkersett", Villages and Agraharas in Goa and their ancient names, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daivadnya&oldid=1139922758, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes from April 2018, All Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes, Articles needing additional references from December 2016, All articles needing additional references, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2022, Articles lacking reliable references from April 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2014, Articles lacking reliable references from June 2022, Articles with incomplete citations from October 2017, Articles with incomplete citations from April 2018, Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2017, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2015, Articles containing Marathi-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0.

sonar caste in maharashtra 2023