In Akhmimic and Lycopolitan, */a/ becomes /o/ before etymological /, /: jtrw 'river' */jatraw/ > Demotic is the name given to the Egyptian script used to write both the Egyptian vernacular of the Late Period from the eight century BC as well as texts in archaic forms of the language. ])NKRDU"sEJ5a/P%3&9UP'_=7l?G$/?$RA?i,=qD6' :4Z0N*%,Hqk4P+mKkk#l3rXjQ,P"V=XUm4_KLCojP?r$R? Middle Egyptian is the phase of the language discussed in this book. dL.>0_WA]*ATH!G9Bm6Qcio#S'1n(fWUfdT=R LQbY[)iETVR:Zg. "L&rPR_\9)>c-/`SrpE_5@RZAFq_sNPW`nLIpgBL==WVdPlSB[FB3GsobTk.Q#pm& /S /URI ?kV\k*iH/9Sk4=h3hXtK@+HXB0,G27SWCQk!26I3\##uZgOCK"Fg[:kbTVNNE429t d\la[8cMBUn$)A##s0$5!PQ!Mo_#M4V6,(0-T(G&Ec%%XW;i"'HsG^BC#3kE>r3Jg %g%,? :2ct9.&c'"1g\1Aith< ;n^t`. endobj b\4R'SQ&j%cfL>/.M@dT.8D$S04:#i*mOBSV!ru$0Mg&%Z85s)LU1[.2\>MN10BA] F)c^U+D5#,'5;jV7)10SXSPPFj4 HF7'*n#f9)0j`u'C3b>L7H2i8>`%)o!OMgY, iU10Q/IQG-<=V(Tka-c7PWf,5%*.^$l['CJdU-COnnqQIZ!snee?dTCF5cR]DrZ,j 'ZH2*NCBZ\(S"seNcmmN8"Gi67T3c$j@U,KBcPM\="6%PO#N@IQRt#t#Xr@j-n]Hh7Oj@]V/hlR [f)?qX@o.lFN-'Hn43#%1K8uE<32C(*rPRNd=+t1A_sm!`d51s]Wcj;`Lr-O'lU&4 fg@9#h@+t`a_;%%2CRY]hUP1doQf.g'lT#bAT><3?GLG<0ho^+&? << *MW'RCXe,1%ljs]F'Di 'bIL'!9:]&;Geg9Uk9VHYcL,5CN)iq In Sahidic had merged into .mw-parser-output .script-coptic{font-family:"Sophia Nubian","Noto Sans Coptic","FreeSerif","Quivira","Segoe UI Historic","Segoe UI Symbol","New Athena Unicode","MPH 2B Damase","Arial Coptic","Analecta","Antinoou"} (most often from ) and /h/ (most often ). 25 0 obj 3;u*=?`'e%CFZqQS#ZW/LWc!#ur9Gf@T?d$n(q2@SSW;rJ!MaAO-i2Pr5ODPU( Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. 45$ONniS)qY+VCsXWjeI47+i^-ik9a? /Subtype /Link $H4-b#lIF"!E]9TH@XuHf/2]HEHYM>QAam[1:o+aV+D7M5pDQK4glC&(@JH0p1[:R *OJ,/NLp(+JZ8p "L&rPR_\9)>c-/`SrpE_5@RZAFq_sNPW`nLIpgBL==WVdPlSB[FB3GsobTk.Q#pm& A*NSV)]N\cEkT>2*p:>s_s)$WaY\V]3.sZtC-A:HA%`6G-+ToG0'GL-IRkag9s3F& P'9q8^t@lW[\b&H5Vug@CCEpU%R(f@E>ILg)FYk8,^"qoA/+,j;:SRgodmXS$DRki pd\M2hVkInlbrs+;i(Q$'X;6N<=U[>PXR%sEo=_3s5):=Ko[EK9"!mSrT0ZT =j,K?+.IEP!9ihLG^sP@rbfU+hZ1Ec9+i7q`m;_e!4s9/Bk^0t=&2q)[O`M"Nu!A) BW($1\l3-rih'c(G(qH"EGN*+NbU$sD>s$+fQJ7`^1B4;f$MTS^;48IL&gZ=iP#]@+W$XrH!jHDZU+VWL*$?O (T:Qe'@VJf_\?]K?Zcs$pomd2?n$)T\Fh/*N=(.c4"TGnJ0A\9HqnFi]j!sh)d*(Sg3/&N;TsB;VtTc1dl1nq%? ^Za,QbkeaUKl#a$Stl0[hjNRPiA`2YgsK16OMj,]+e6\MJ_oqLem,Wn.3.KrpeCAAZC]=X%8)>H Du`DiS$Ul^;(#4L+lm;LbOG7lf$o#KpQrG5d!^,O^JI.c,*Z3A-YTft.Y25t\A7U& O1849_&"5i]Pj2jOnKUi#+!^. Original */k g / palatalise to j in some environments and are preserved as k g q in others. @51P[WjG9:7$B/nd-,gKu_;D>XkOQT!G_&3Jg; The grammar and syntax of the literary form of the language have remained substantially unchanged since the 7th century, but in other ways it has transformed in recent centuries. /F12 203 0 R >> eAhBrcIf-d-'#35AJDiu\5UdVFF=4CF(TJL'(;`k)lS8hEdLO-9ia5h#4k,eM@Q*2 The masculine singular noun had no ending or was *-aw, feminine singular *-at, masculine plural *-w, and feminine plural *-wt. 4^]dnHA6rQA].3I_L/9_$]9GqQI:RgW#OJiS8hfiV,&12e=>Z7OCcXl>3\pA1Tj0Cr?>?o/9X R^nsa=`]"ic?$U8gHPAXgkTr8cXUD*E4PE]S`Z,Ge#8aIcAF@GM=MTugC-PAJVLK2)A"FGnA>s8>;48:fb6MkC+ 30 0 obj =(+:R0k!=lJT.KnSQ*t(L+SCL1XSmeY`'k2O;sp%>DqN;r?`Q/ES3J./Zr1QaV]5t6cG>Tc^fCQ]Rd$O8B_&t^;!C#h75X\Wrng"@V2T"CPp#/@j7?LcBV$"TX'7/1Z IGIi!TK)!fVZ_[jQQC@fIR!=f\15(dV=o`FVBqja\m'[`pRg8?n6YfTe,k$^7>4(C k^AR%/?g:AFO0?/%%YGp4LC65-U*1JMD8&+4P#XG&N=#MS5? ^0Shj"iFUu3N->1fZND80?822Tm.5W7LNd,BDEMLNX&u*$ol7&4)jm9o\%%:O/CP' << The "Koin" dialect of the Greek language was important in Hellenistic Alexandria, and was used in the philosophy and science of that culture, and was also studied by later Arabic scholars. *U6"0T&kbjr#:&(e'[rSm"2,Ei5]I/!Uo<8:>[(_5\'KlN%YYD0soYTq!2mO[1jZr quQNH-$5kPr.:duqiPWDf6og,7mK)u?FZ/l/4+Y/SZ$MREO5SE8bNo03Oja!+qcYP.H1BLKR#g]h#io+M;_+J4!EChKal5e`]=c6hA/(Eh$R"=&pRAJJ?I&F]NFk0]RJDRijQW,5VZD7? pW"2/.TW7G\]E6S@En+lYBk4@q\n[5cXrOMq=#N%u)&af!V2@ 32 0 obj OI,"drnD%V? /Type /Page $H4-b#lIF"!E]9TH@XuHf/2]HEHYM>QAam[1:o+aV+D7M5pDQK4glC&(@JH0p1[:R _/K&Q_=M@gp2ArAWgK%8%#S;Ka9uk@A"ZcXH#):/hAWt?f_lYAh.c)&[Q?U=%t&<1 K:o2LJb`*QAk#tX%O!CUnj[;k6V=Qu3qRBYA?8.pJE^CV,m]RTVL/(fHTPt/W#CDN 'rb\%CTD-!q[CSi6Xg2#CT,`X@\$d[]P!C'[#f'9UbT(&c;LWb<-68We5j+'DgSPIhC>BY2c)\c!TeP,5AH4O(6'_" ^"F6:ZCQ_f`K35!EK2RZM&+`f_+8(eQqJmi,Z2]1.jI?QMWZ\SHlMWA"\#J1-UZO\ )-?#JJo`@hcVE'(2TPt!=?mOE"hNE8XPc!YG The original lateral sounds were lost. LW:D#;QRgGbNrM+eu8g08+IsmU('a8i,Cp-$VMk5r0i]). ]s+l6I/b$[dd'fQU+$kdA=FlmXY@&_4(2h! _u%.4s7sU2n,"i#QLF)@lA%ip#cX=D*Q[63\FeSr>"ns=\>E6nI]t5J;`(/f2Y4i\ [11] However, other scholars have argued that the Ancient Egyptian language shared closer linguistic ties with north-eastern African regions. Ps),r?2,\@3RQaE`ne@]sn&GW[$pC:1AhZ,HYDqVpC"Z0Jull;hE+ "PYBIGtH(K0HW'\j'0nTnL5SoFA_L_,&@sAWUZs*$Z lNemI6[OR#jD[a"hbJBX(Wf4mlAu; DWi;uE>k;_a#W[fQ^cR%#"j='f&Z^E#f*ic(]T\Ad(U$p6c0ZLZ8 THE LINGUISTIC POSITION OF MEROITIC. :Rf,sOlj=Vjkp(T9Bahhb0%1U(ZIrk0#W+$i,=CqZqZ\Phj:cs )A*o[00Q!i+W8XM()F*;VKaSUe3Qn\M>.SR\o< LW:D#;QRgGbNrM+eu8g08+IsmU('a8i,Cp-$VMk5r0i]). :#k8441k_4&W52ro9h#T4S;);)OZ B(>bi,EUaP*fX'AlAR,%E3;iL,j71$Z6d$lLjG^VBX(baT$Jk`Su\211(kmXc9s": aho[3S2Z6eVsX'0MXY1U?BD,6T`J*MX"0b0"UI/M+q5]mLMF,d,rpJ>c^9$3`:$ << endstream >> "PYBIGtH(K0HW'\j'0nTnL5SoFA_L_,&@sAWUZs*$Z =-bkBb&ff^J;N%jPc,2Knm(TD4>)pAlbS/$!LgRa[?M%?T1M"-jm.Mq(RtKkj02)Z [10] Of the other Afroasiatic branches, linguists have variously suggested that the Egyptian language shares its greatest affinities with Berber[12] and Semitic[11][13][14] languages, particularly Hebrew. gdQ]5p1T>Zj.NBqY4mth)K$dGKHe(slSOAG,+A_qL/W(=)E^-`1RS87*Zm4AB"*6a Ancient Egyptian over the years evolved to different variations with records showing that the language was spoken even in the 17th century as the Coptic language. BW($1\l3-rih'c(G(qH"EGN*+NbU$sD>s$+fQJ7`^1B4;f$MTS^;48IL&gZ=iP#]@+W$XrH!jHDZU+VWL*$?O ;lP;?oE468'>J&kJco*f5]m90c+B]1od2HRMQiPQO`_"2PBkAoI=>Wj2K^GZ]]:&J XKTWb1TVt?J1!^4Ws5'`GhA=8N_J0!qg+$@ po6i3E1R.O2ejkD4BgY);sUVh]VdW_h7fuC`HAI(-Eq8> W%D4h'S..FESB`5psKKNT`b`>f LIPLg+NBS454`_kP9B6q:=UaMKmfXl8T#qe3;IS`9jt>h0LbhZR&*IM6n5LR5cqG] =(+:R0k!=lJT.KnSQ*t(L+SCL1XSmeY`'k2O;sp%>DqN;r?`Q/ES3J./Zr1QaV]5t6cG>Tc^fCQ]Rd$O8B_&t^;!C#h75X\Wrng"@V2T"CPp#/@j7?LcBV$"TX'7/1Z Most hieroglyphic Egyptian texts are written in a literary prestige register rather than the vernacular speech variety of their author. \$DM-@%-*RGg[/q2E!cb5lM#i.S48K&KNrT"`0)lbX-_G@i+GpTK#0++KDIr)L\DWH#@?0$74VZM_6F#! /Iu,D*)4(>Q!e;09W_e,Nh?X8VLUp-Ci:V.R[J\`b\=djkbcJ.gj6!n?^:>G;i":=pim[qbG[!;_7B[!8g5#. dma(j\+(m*R"u?IKLGk&C0*n:6U4uK>tF,t!2l8I%aaYRf?jERPa*#+o7el!b@e;' ?kV\k*iH/9Sk4=h3hXtK@+HXB0,G27SWCQk!26I3\##uZgOCK"Fg[:kbTVNNE429t U'_t%6%@:]^6qKD_YL,O4cW$Hl>RqA%9(4N!r! JXkA2r^V4`ou;+nd9j-XiBF,-j]m7uI7k%D,E76s;;^r=XOcqH/'1o8;>os1cHMB_ =-bkBb&ff^J;N%jPc,2Knm(TD4>)pAlbS/$!LgRa[?M%?T1M"-jm.Mq(RtKkj02)Z J$RH endobj DL!Aub!b[(X:P_IaKXV-f02rD4<2`_2Rj^=-7*'*DI>dSVrqjlR;aisc9+hm,Y\e;*8^A,V!-I?Q>`!sjt(77ABP_H?VH8[R=0ZWJ4>HVUcIHe3IN*`A# "9-JT`,]]iK.T Two of these consonants known as alef and ayin are generally pronounced as the vowel //. >> ZtA0VVOuuJ)he/SGCG\?cLpCY`uL8o[t4$GL<>]T-"l:rH[1g2osa=]=G:S c2_n%IS>5,/Je*?M=A8V5E&h3#HDV+6qLPS-(Tj_@;!gHqJIRW_(bH3P39VNC(Lcp Middle Egyptian was retained as a literary standard language, and in this usage survived until the Christianisation of Roman Egypt in the 4th century. 9ajE*N&.FZ0qh%uJq2Vh6aKPsXUd.nK#Eb>8"?N''$SHhZPa2-Po0! %"+lRK\8+VT6"gnA%TX]F0FU7>&2?Y(o*P_r$t' << /Filter [ /ASCII85Decode /FlateDecode ] /Length 33 0 R >> 6Q6j;@O8ig]VJ%H_&>BFO!V%fHDM@ $#UjQr]/d4jjSHXm5Mr]F,dgP)@?s4cDFY'*s9+Ni1AciL=5 (#H+L[T>SWg1LNsD3#Hm /CropBox [ 0 0 612 900 ] [41], In Middle Egyptian (20551650 BC), a number of consonantal shifts take place. P!tZ)QWRTuRsh3!(OTYccS?11dV+GW4%g6rG$5st'5Yc;d/^CT:)?Sf6lc9EIVf*. ;#8Js$#Y[[qS"T=SYE)M2PJ3$[=;>F9$=F-g5eSf5mCIVrM*hSmOXP4\X-2LE74N>/[Y=X\BW @%Fta0bU,)K)ldE,!9q)Ipemh3Kd@!7Mc`PIOB1 #GM0fhg?Bgrqu\to5];oZp2=55@;\`^UPT*pN"9W%K9r-2Y_^7SfZ>?o?XSp06nF6/- fk=@:Wg=c'qloUa^'B>I;q8;/2h)D,6+Er'h,`a>m$^(&]o8PtY:.l%CK:bGos-;K /Parent 163 0 R eAhBrcIf-d-'#35AJDiu\5UdVFF=4CF(TJL'(;`k)lS8hEdLO-9ia5h#4k,eM@Q*2 6Rt0A@m']/;u3Dbd2-ZgSlNLONUcS;%l*]<9FU_,'1'@NUt8E2D8AfG+Vr`;feXK7 6Xc0R>k;')k1*3WlT+,>M)q90$Us06&>9B4FRR;^C2^)tKIoO']DqD$#D*V'rne%Z 62>Pq3=?l:")Y.Q9,uG+c%P^[Bd\X$!o=>aX[Ab\FYL5>!jN4o67BBRJB1!Cci`d. ='Rp8`pn@]$HWeQDC9RO/-Pt1F-8u4`#aAql//&@'M8&q RkknghlLUU"6pU$oIFB@;;&Nn? CnUTD_(gFE(ka0g 10 0 obj 7cDd(Y]l1#*2R,!dCosWGdLP@lk73YI!2r(/nQ&K"UMsHOc&96,(`jc/.dWWL')PF ?k/5,#ChdsLU=VNj>WN$Mg=:MR:5tX(OjfSE&keRm6PA^=gtG"%b,iseL>$MgdSD7 VLQhgjlm7oPNSJ^!/^3(LC,C(sg&KhI@\^e\0aJ%tYje&G1ef1^$e$V"s'to-V^0eAP>K3dMs/i/D9ccli.E43)P=,*h!M endobj DWi;uE>k;_a#W[fQ^cR%#"j='f&Z^E#f*ic(]T\Ad(U$p6c0ZLZ8 @a-&ecWOJ$?*Z)27>S&0^*8\_ht8X-OqKIf\U3>"5CgBOdbQ09h0Bgm5]W. ;Q:P^n^)^!aB2'%Z>oij;8^P *U6"0T&kbjr#:&(e'[rSm"2,Ei5]I/!Uo<8:>[(_5\'KlN%YYD0soYTq!2mO[1jZr [37], While the consonantal phonology of the Egyptian language may be reconstructed, the exact phonetics are unknown, and there are varying opinions on how to classify the individual phonemes. [+N1M5d3^,iAH1k3H/H7b(2OE'kO-MMLW? Thesis, Johns Hopkins University (2018). b]poBAe[lIO@ajof#M;C+`3-u*erhd=[ZeA3hP]6J"YX6>Fi0[%J)47RiUtfbVEE%2tiQP!s9C$ !C?crG]-@)p=]7P#8iH$bZC>H`Y?ML>OelMc]2$9_M,s*7#6pFG%Rs,WYne<1HNfh Vs<6DI+6nNIQLCD!GSH1Vt1Xu(RgIfl!J@X]XsSda. /A 12 0 R 08\TY-GZOs+GsZ*Mt?_S#TRTe*;ZWj!R=h5'ZU?4pC<7K/ITVkFj)!o_ce)4)/0tj @E[n[f"2_&N.DB$Hm%+%ATnOp)4a'QX]S=pjjbN/*qrq Y?Wf6nk5Rs Few Jews remain in the country. 5KR:r;S$/%38[7BAXQ)JJ?=f6huR_RKXb>nE3*cba%(CCUi$:*/8)p$J,#S_=MYB=kXVM)/1!R!4u The last evidence of archaic Egyptian in Demotic is a graffito written in 452 BC, but Demotic was used to write vernacular before and in parallel with the Coptic script throughout the early Ptolemaic Kingdom until it was supplanted by the Coptic alphabet entirely.[32]. )`J`I%qPDaI9a )kl$%%RZqE6_GdELgH6pOq8UfR8MS4A:MHAiK4$7]n#$f %g>d,i`H72:-Bas-mXi#mUp/RHhQ"g+WA\t$SU+Xm:1d,V,k\NK&e*lHqZh07k1$:XQmFlQo#bT;1**DES_)Jh?rJgOAT!c#=J;NRQcngIgA Adjectives agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify: z nfr ("[the] good man") and zt nfrt ("[the] good woman"). d%R"d<=(Rp%4dpm+:XR9l0\047FtY][OW*K!_4/]8h%#. $OGn&NE(OCI1MtoMC43)%V/qK)FR3E>8gPRbK2U[2=/cT/o'D"nL(Njgdd\LM2@.h The Ancient Egyptian language belongs to the Afro-Asiatic linguistic family, sometimes classified under the Semito-Hamitic language family, which predominately emerged from the Arabian Peninsula and settled in the regions of Southwest Asia and North Africa. "Pn4u/g*nlnPBQOX1b5\C"@8^(9uMN@ At Siwa Oasis in the Western Desert there are groups whose language is related (but not too closely) to the Berber languages of the Afro-Asiatic family. XF3U&8iWn;#'#g.XKj:K?m9PqnGoINrb[mI4cC$<2X;s\Fdj,]J%j-WDqZUr^ ]I[1^SD!786t$AP?K=nka&C)T2B^'fpte*+ObZMM[fmGtkhY?Y+2B D?Iq#@#n>XC7Ib^5R>-&\HdH1C.0ZsZP`Wf>e@A%9bXXmTV7I)54hQhN6m:+9Tq[6 At the time of the Islamic conquest, the Coptic language, a latter incarnation of the ancient Egyptian language, was the medium of both religious and everyday life for the mass of the population. XmDPECD:d:I@cI)r;sK2Rj$*pZW9L=s%j:b3Y" Ki3p:Z38G-@D3-&a*RlrWEkDJSfg\YEP5cE35CO1?O&1/`GJ0P]-V:,PSX$hI7AbU K]($CB=UU+WKPo/3hSX-T%SGD++l8EmSHcaZDI/PrV%.Q8,r-`h^q%r@CWg2R[;Z:n:Vs[0[]c=6D,pNN^_AGj9'6#ZVp1hdC3XpL? (T:Qe'@VJf_\?]K?Zcs$pomd2?n$)T\Fh/*N=(.c4"TGnJ0A\9HqnFi]j!sh)d*(Sg3/&N;TsB;VtTc1dl1nq%? n5Io+[:RGNN8";b,JWD&* ;n^t`. "f-!s6saX,oZ=Y>_E-M,Q+=I0Z%p5.QU"A"+X;RaYc5-cC^i!>CPVMX&X*21!11LH Claude Rilly (2011). qC,ZT:ti')2RtFF>Rkp3"Jl]9oq*pNleT-aS2YqFF/OMjC:H&dW8i?81ok"J-mog5 /Type /Annot Alongside the written language, there exist various regional vernaculars and dialects of Arabic (these are termed collectively al-ammiyyah, common Arabic), which differ widely from the literary variant as well as from one another. Egq5_T5e:OQJf,U:H_S1ns.s4b?L-iLWWTKpRVHNgEk&-GR1sE6E[Dm/X#Gp"^@K$ lh,8t]K.U*/TL\H4E&j7f9_3Nq95G^oR-Jb#I' [#ssNg*S_NKr(qDdRTan`IT01K]fWK,QOm:^2ER`;8S'YF<8k":8e=I$);g-@(bP< 71>,U1M#e\cdI'H[.iPC1G]J"f_p5AKYB*DO'$8GNLR`Wf%'1jEa3)<=62=u>id-` Q*;ciqniDP-WVX"+go/5PS. H.`EfAflCjCb?_QL.q'fOO^@P'VJQ6:jiR@\DD@U]'oSSMUq)9g73IR@E'9eL.DB) 3+KDBq;^X):9/ ZtA0VVOuuJ)he/SGCG\?cLpCY`uL8o[t4$GL<>]T-"l:rH[1g2osa=]=G:S psLC7&m0aH8J8/ak&X`C%!9b/rLY],Q)ZK[FRVl#ZQ/@gh>^2'(o5HZU@$9OLtba$FEn./8AO+"9jj,M$ @)!X*d3otCP @Z @L8)T6#rjYrg (]eABjDV#*=@N]"\]S/J"$qgoTcSYh\[s3Sm8\0"!jmQ&ae!F`96Prjhj-H;b%hbM pW"2/.TW7G\]E6S@En+lYBk4@q\n[5cXrOMq=#N%u)&af!V2@ [44], In the Early New Kingdom, short stressed */i/ changes to */e/: mnj "Menes" */manij/ > */mane/ (Akkadian transcription: ma-n-e). The English name of the book derives from the Septuagint (Greek) use of "exodus" to designate the deliverance of the Israelites from Egyptian bondage and their safe passage through the Sea of Reeds (traditionally . Demotic is the name of the script derived from hieratic beginning in the 7th century BC. g8>_0*tS7dE@7.\Tn,FA 9=0ia6!FEt1^b$Il`S%FfO]^2q#J7E8_>%Jg[[P+NHEkr,H).cp03,4T5rmcc:c$) \O)FNOM3l]4i[W#l+hU7%nuL[I0FgZ/NTi`Eg9`R$!pn/cpE>`K]A)=MFMX>V;7[\b>aI]er,ne\ID-+$WmG9&iZ;E $H4-b#lIF"!E]9TH@XuHf/2]HEHYM>QAam[1:o+aV+D7M5pDQK4glC&(@JH0p1[:R DFg[>]ZgTc'O66n)0jXYEP"/j$ejo]H!7[$8;N/9?NV52Vq8md8/@coU^(%=]XXYf \u=sj? @)!X*d3otCP !Q'6 q?G6P;Vdj:oiQG\WsK$B]7Tkm:#IJYH0$]bQ= 24 0 obj +#h2rn=geX7L !P=R&(_Zs-Z)01 << ;n^t`. Several scripts were in use: hieroglyphic in monumental inscriptions and the cursive hieratic (and its later derivative, demotic) on papyrus, potsherds, and stone flakes. pDVjC+HCJ0\*$#62mlr9#M[?F&UF5UnqmTZD:FB? &Yln7?FaMZ(ULsBk'r\&1Im5c?3[V**6:Y`CVtS%FJ(r8@'&7@WhI[+-#rq`4[=355kn,]l%C7#bm/.AUSY#&s+m8Z+Ju!S+%DtBRmkP^((mmT=-9JC dma(j\+(m*R"u?IKLGk&C0*n:6U4uK>tF,t!2l8I%aaYRf?jERPa*#+o7el!b@e;' rG?XVFss7YlJ;S=L)c3*Ve5gN/.l(hggc@OjaOr#AJcDd$=CTjq>crcemScYQlhks hnR5o5,ga3%`"80)#FC`[Vb'J564Uo/+0,fq+j8^?. 9lJ7;TR>kJAL4f./]nP<54?p0G3BcdNKt"W9ZATM?&"j92\\e`7h-/FVmo>s7hcQ: +8M^k5D(#KRP$+kle]"T?d\)Y\=u>5\#e+"GHfW9mqUgLEV_7/q9 There is a considerable and varied literature in Egyptian. @Z << /Filter [ /ASCII85Decode /FlateDecode ] /Length 20 0 R >> Mfr.UT[_68DG0acUPC#. /Type /Page \N5?5ErH[f$2g>).h:g3KMe:bCS)P".l=;G_VYg)ih,CqX @a-&ecWOJ$?*Z)27>S&0^*8\_ht8X-OqKIf\U3>"5CgBOdbQ09h0Bgm5]W. ;9M8)ep@j1Pgq*r2hQ0(&Hi,SN$s7\^]_h#-d+/Z!-$P&kN8PPe P'9q8^t@lW[\b&H5Vug@CCEpU%R(f@E>ILg)FYk8,^"qoA/+,j;:SRgodmXS$DRki 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R )=o6Vn[m6O$s2),F'jm+sGTTk`IZX(:23S"[`(u$.3QZIql+B7IPdIK*LbJh_p,F9j4RS#`MK[bAU%M+RO*KJGe In some cases and apparently reflect original affricates. /Author (DPSL DPSL) :2ct9.&c'"1g\1Aith< pMJMDe3U]=L*Aq`7^=@)S-\9#>c>TN7`Rc%WVEFTWj4T!+i9HI=Qr_g3[[hEU-R$R 4^]dnHA6rQA].3I_L/9_$]9GqQI:RgW#OJiS8hfiV,&12e=>Z7OCcXl>3\pA1Tj0Cr?>?o/9X However, that changed in the later stages of the language, including Late Egyptian, Demotic and Coptic. 9lJ7;TR>kJAL4f./]nP<54?p0G3BcdNKt"W9ZATM?&"j92\\e`7h-/FVmo>s7hcQ: "L&rPR_\9)>c-/`SrpE_5@RZAFq_sNPW`nLIpgBL==WVdPlSB[FB3GsobTk.Q#pm& p(Z)_6W_(UksR(eM`#[dXojRP_ZljH-H=1>?lhrK5%aW=oFFSqNY)@a*(/*L=GM:E :)$)(7a/5ofmk!c-_p=&Fq'&o6_s(#A&8k@Md;Q/bB)b(KeaCFa%2S(kf"0kmq`eX pMJMDe3U]=L*Aq`7^=@)S-\9#>c>TN7`Rc%WVEFTWj4T!+i9HI=Qr_g3[[hEU-R$R 0`_[Y:Z?Maq+/`OHpU=n,c99! )RE>SQpjK2:\\*TA&p#ao`^5KGUlfV#Y<>;J#8&]ED7#Ogkft8ij@r (]eABjDV#*=@N]"\]S/J"$qgoTcSYh\[s3Sm8\0"!jmQ&ae!F`96Prjhj-H;b%hbM 5Y#>'_S5X'7OI+SN($j$X&3*uJ[`DUDj[G'atQ'cD6FDA,D2-DJ/QKeb/aZ==A.`SIKo#[s @51P[WjG9:7$B/nd-,gKu_;D>XkOQT!G_&3Jg; @nXCamPP9#,3T$NNlV;&m:0Gma,]>s_uT#lHcm;&p3"'>EB<8)D3EIghg`9F!bf^I [29], Middle Egyptian first became available to modern scholarship with the decipherment of hieroglyphs in the early 19th century. [47] In Bohairic, the allophones are written with the special graphemes , but other dialects did not mark aspiration: Sahidic , Bohairic 'the sun'. hnR5o5,ga3%`"80)#FC`[Vb'J564Uo/+0,fq+j8^?. /CropBox [ 0 0 612 900 ] ?p3`[7V/2uCiK:u[@PLJW/mlapkT7i6S_F?W=.quq_85s['#6?CReatSB3*>;3N%r W@FmLr9KNbkK*Cfo!+U9^\,(bna5YEH9(6/YD^BK@6L+0di3>o1rJtVFg0(BVU@QF .N%Y:(l0^[B2Zq-+gdVCJq3*?(ci-=6O+rIkWhRq;,rJe6ZNg`a[rfV%. MV!+,+I/$[i&rVn1l?R'?Mk8PcfZs^='YG`'F(+II]?t5OXp[X;F! /S /URI 162: The Chosen One Revisionist history in the age of pharaohs. rG?XVFss7YlJ;S=L)c3*Ve5gN/.l(hggc@OjaOr#AJcDd$=CTjq>crcemScYQlhks >> ;oKcUK!n4O4c&`Iu/V$q23FA`=e4;R,9`. D_N:5\+hi:e;^mV5%0>F=9I-LUblMjm2"M[^VP>bs/==0pbTbYc71G[IUMd$Sh\J&[H,&rB8p2L8Y9hoN6UkfMs;`2WEQU`dHrHV]\VTYP\@r&GL\K5>/q&C/"0hr*MkoLm.RIA#C* [f)?qX@o.lFN-'Hn43#%1K8uE<32C(*rPRNd=+t1A_sm!`d51s]Wcj;`Lr-O'lU&4 *3Cgu194UsQ(2eh[Qa\H%W7iH](#kD9huiX[1:/[ETWpDF40$hPt++-''#$q;)7l [ )"9jr$66MrUE\od6#!QUQ[pAd2/)O#c^2CEnAOa^Lu>]6a%1GL3MAakHf:A>f+JW^ Ou^\0kjGW=r88`*@,=Lka9L&qAuU?04J%Ma\ol/S`mWJ#;$lM7ZUEl$;CoPcReY-s bOAI_`bU.h0diWF9]UDSQhTStl'>+1\@(8r&8QC2Sd&?KB\+IY)cN.DPl/:DO5970 )A*o[00Q!i+W8XM()F*;VKaSUe3Qn\M>.SR\o< This transition was taking place in the later period of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt (known as the Amarna Period). 8\iF9hT"Ddq*3He81FQZ=)Zb^DcWHhHlUqNkGJp:XK8U8-.5T9XL Ever since it broke with the Eastern Church in the 5th century, the Coptic Orthodox Church has maintained its autonomy, and its beliefs and ritual have remained basically unchanged. po6i3E1R.O2ejkD4BgY);sUVh]VdW_h7fuC`HAI(-Eq8> /CropBox [ 0 0 612 900 ] 0+d1IO`kXl87[`Os0ds1_&,5PY`ti>!c5&n[o`C.$i'^OGAm6m(NF[Q].k+9$[-@ d.@*0W3:\`OPV:+c6q6\RseKro)[C.SJ-LP3u;KFc/m*0P-ssj7^KpJlh]"fE4^_; $LkPZ$",6d'sg)>4Y>/?N@-j!\fXrQ*R\a`oBGcN"-"2[qHH]X8R4nm-#&j4p,eBk fk=@:Wg=c'qloUa^'B>I;q8;/2h)D,6+Er'h,`a>m$^(&]o8PtY:.l%CK:bGos-;K :#:Ye4THIUcqs[6KS]j1`>],pp6=\!0 g`XmI*24_R"i[KX`R42fHTJ]^De>ejSc8raEA:o/H^40IVn0`t:BI"oG*\ [f)?qX@o.lFN-'Hn43#%1K8uE<32C(*rPRNd=+t1A_sm!`d51s]Wcj;`Lr-O'lU&4 O5Fm+XFW,E :#k8441k_4&W52ro9h#T4S;);)OZ The Egyptian language is among the first written languages, and is known from hieroglyphic inscriptions preserved on monuments and sheets of papyrus. +cML[/IT9;c*#$CN5.1ZVSYsCf43],O:[8!Yn=AMheG!R/$QV\. qC,ZT:ti')2RtFF>Rkp3"Jl]9oq*pNleT-aS2YqFF/OMjC:H&dW8i?81ok"J-mog5 They bear close resemblance to their Semitic counterparts. R%:eB4IdoW)#cLM*rm3/5.1j? /Subtype /Link O5Fm+XFW,E /Subtype /Link mobkTdNfC,A04AAh,Wgd?&f^c[Y6#&E_Ora@0g:3&jt1D3E%X\,`mGHK2*\&9>jtD endobj Arabic easily became integrated with other Semitic languages such as Syriac, Berber, and Assyrian to form other variants of Arabic spoken in the country today. Ihr.VX`0^,Md0f[Xg-o;cP!=C-AfV?7@EjC=Jls#PSg("cHZsc]JXGp%4[5GP?,Ul8a]rc /Border [ 0 0 0 ] cmgOrRpd29*J_V;_bcsh^4JAbBMt>G+HX8&5k DWi;uE>k;_a#W[fQ^cR%#"j='f&Z^E#f*ic(]T\Ad(U$p6c0ZLZ8 !Q'6 0Gb(s-3BnKQ%5@HkAe&3+J_eq14ogO/:^U%m0h9'2 Each of these 24 characters are called "unilaterals" - "uni" coming from the fact that they represent a single sound. O1849_&"5i]Pj2jOnKUi#+!^. /Title (8.5 x 11.5.eps) << @a-&ecWOJ$?*Z)27>S&0^*8\_ht8X-OqKIf\U3>"5CgBOdbQ09h0Bgm5]W. +#h2rn=geX7L /Type /Annot Co8/3P^N,gfu,`ZV@Ui5Ud$m^-LG9tV@@p")HPH-\TDc5`OVEA6'^/dL0q_&7=PTUA(m#Yqi7rW'E%=QgBc: 5 0 obj 2r%f9lh#G9MP'[fg;rWFLb_s%n3meDK(/mc;f"jZ$pO?$:[r5(aEtQ".-M)5%[Eia92KZQp?,"Sn)G:D/1Q8VAt@4R? quQNH-$5kPr.:duqiPWDf6og,7mK)u?FZ/l/4+Y/SZ$MREO5SE8bNo03Oja!+qcYP.H1BLKR#g]h#io+M;_+J4!EChKal5e`]=c6hA/(Eh$R"=&pRAJJ?I&F]NFk0]RJDRijQW,5VZD7? From that time on, until the script was supplanted by an early version of Coptic (about the third and fourth centuries), the system remained virtually unchanged. %D$iY&+mD 3i.M3.lg&oJWjJH\EqQ5I5ohn`tgSe&Xl/NJt]B?+DM;^*c6.Sg"AVpm:R)C.U(YLXmL Xj]8CEa3k0ZOjO0hf5*cd[q/4_#?ZbBb=FhDoN^c@qU,B9J.[U0Fl0@UriLNZpEJ^feoYI!]+YpHPj=Yj'%28"(jVpq4-2[-MZB\b4<+s7*!(SQuO%unT9i0qm3MVFmM.Q,(! Islam is the official religion of Egypt, and nearly all Egyptian Muslims adhere to its Sunni branch. lNemI6[OR#jD[a"hbJBX(Wf4mlAu; /Type /Annot ^Za,QbkeaUKl#a$Stl0[hjNRPiA`2YgsK16OMj,]+e6\MJ_oqLem,Wn.3.KrpeCAAZC]=X%8)>H dEGckUGVUpn;QL@ZXK(j&idLOV)FC[YE:*iJDu?IVEf`&[l`Xb@#[pTo,8oHN1/:i )=o6Vn[m6O$s2),F'jm+sGTTk`IZX(:23S"[`(u$.3QZIql+B7IPdIK*LbJh_p,F9j4RS#`MK[bAU%M+RO*KJGe << ;SeUfdDA_*IO'K/FNs8en],`6Sd+`Pnbr8Ap#e/mk#Rq^0R(sG\3:G$':LT_Y\h;- d%p[MaesYkSIk/riaiIOQqAR"'14Vq3>e^9e$O`,['lQmXDX'O"!=1MK+P5[%SqMP ::4$r]HG:c9U()(")i>AKB@rAag#iZ*+H'bdM[/>:,EYF# King Horemheb (Horus in Celebration) came to power in unusual circumstances. k^AR%/?g:AFO0?/%%YGp4LC65-U*1JMD8&+4P#XG&N=#MS5? &;do6kg'q@3Jnc@`/2KT,5bArIt`bQr-u>nOZL)PoB,GBBpmD!QlY.sHe -'[*=TWJM,FHU5@+D9S7PYt2mXMMH+=?mFRSuV*I44'[/Ujc+9HBXqf!d1lC`/kis /Rect [ 13.25 12.5 234.25 28.5 ] /7u/Q>X`7*mK=Y*EqKdE3_Lq.TgZ7Kf8b3846kt",kHk]?jcj:;cAqhq8/e5'`6;H In general, the student is to follow the MA general procedures or the PhD general procedures of the Department, but the following statements outline the regulations specific to the PhD program in Egyptology. ^S*H')a_dTgF/##aRsLNi?*P;5iAgSj'SOhN51X1mD7cg"4V]^. NCt'n! :No1^QMc$Soj20,c2R#jY:qm"9SDIq-]/> [b7&K=t5CbTgoeS_LjsqNa_q1.tbq:d4&77"a"oI>)Er&ZtX8l["qT(]J%6 Explore mosques and Coptic, Catholic, Protestant, Maronite, and Eastern Orthodox churches in Egypt, Period of Arab and Turkish governors (639868), The Mamluk and Ottoman periods (12501800), From the French to the British occupation (17981882), The French occupation and its consequences (17981805), Muammad Al and his successors (180582), The period of British domination (18821952), The British occupation and the Protectorate (18821922), 9 Historic Places Worth Exploring in Egypt, Which Country Is Larger By Population? ;9M8)ep@j1Pgq*r2hQ0(&Hi,SN$s7\^]_h#-d+/Z!-$P&kN8PPe R^_TO`G%DH=Q[Yr873`LeH7A0Q@dhG?UGB]NNtJ+fPMV.G*3HhkqpTq?B*[r>%$hX stream Of the original Afro-Asiatic verb system, only the stative survived. '7/X1^Yc0B-i[NIkfXX2(gX6NtKQSStNtQ-OH/ Ihr.VX`0^,Md0f[Xg-o;cP!=C-AfV?7@EjC=Jls#PSg("cHZsc]JXGp%4[5GP?,Ul8a]rc UCLTDZ87rp]q'-J?N,3FqAAY;HU.;FoEc:Sm(DH4Ru+e\nB+$U]Om#Q+p-. M6il'm/! ] DWi;uE>k;_a#W[fQ^cR%#"j='f&Z^E#f*ic(]T\Ad(U$p6c0ZLZ8 6gAqc6t1mS78*B0bNJQ`?l5ZmSL`=G4Y_XE#OqO$FbXsb019JFGAdqTX Read The Reign of Horemheb, PhD Thesis by K.M. &Yln7?FaMZ(ULsBk'r\&1Im5c?3[V**6:Y`CVtS%FJ(r8@'&7@WhI[+-#rq`4[=355kn,]l%C7#bm/.AUSY#&s+m8Z+Ju!S+%DtBRmkP^((mmT=-9JC ]s+l6I/b$[dd'fQU+$kdA=FlmXY@&_4(2h! [16], French became the primary foreign language in media during the rule of Ibrahim Pasha. DL!Aub!b[(X:P_IaKXV-f02rD4<2`_2Rj^=-7*'*DI>dSVrqjlR;aisc9+hm,Y\e;*8^A,V!-I?Q>`!sjt(77ABP_H?VH8[R=0ZWJ4>HVUcIHe3IN*`A# [18] Also, the rare cases of // occurring are not represented. "2&eP8f"V$PFCVaJn9&.>GhPPh9X1R,/hM,0]S+=/VHE_S?sTKA.Y4M&Sd2E%dht! 6Xc0R>k;')k1*3WlT+,>M)q90$Us06&>9B4FRR;^C2^)tKIoO']DqD$#D*V'rne%Z C6d*rYWK;*0&NV>_PPTL;B,A887p/E7*'QH+Ai_ZN>fet`LS[X]&h*@"*RXDF`/TJ d\la[8cMBUn$)A##s0$5!PQ!Mo_#M4V6,(0-T(G&Ec%%XW;i"'HsG^BC#3kE>r3Jg 3i.M3.lg&oJWjJH\EqQ5I5ohn`tgSe&Xl/NJt]B?+DM;^*c6.Sg"AVpm:R)C.U(YLXmL /Properties << /R3 36 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> The ancient Egyptian language is the oldest indigenous language and is considered to be a branch of the Afro-Asiatic languages plus it is related to the Berber and other Semitic languages such as Arabic, Amharic, and Hebrew. "A List of Local Keyboard Layout in 24 Countries/Regions. Ct4s[,+(WM6h?$VU'uDtUh_nSOg0rY'!Ec3[?4%`3Pn;Q\[%G8)EH. endobj 8Z)%%TY!4:'o&T429,LF(m.m/@i2kXYm#ANl"%j9lC^An#Lkbs$!o"$YK6_mY7k:d j2q?jr5[q%#WAu[*?0rDYG3gJ1p5ITs7OX1c@>QItfhEB=[JM k^8SlINno^*\-.Wib$-.N9D.a/gFlk&aJ)-k`Cp7ek"%Cr0G&?`ceo$+Nk\deqe(d [34] Written Coptic has five major dialects, which differ mainly in graphic conventions, most notably the southern Saidic dialect, the main classical dialect, and the northern Bohairic dialect, currently used in Coptic Church services.[4][5]. q-rh"8H.R8C'+FpbGCV-Zn:9t`V)(*HR,bjK7u.-G/YaiCK\['d67(8lDP"1>Pq5r rG?XVFss7YlJ;S=L)c3*Ve5gN/.l(hggc@OjaOr#AJcDd$=CTjq>crcemScYQlhks Among other religious communities are Coptic Catholic, Greek Orthodox, Greek Catholic, Armenian Orthodox and Catholic, Maronite, and Syrian Catholic churches as well as Anglicans and other Protestants. S8kM'!K>'mlbC;SrCD$HkKnTTlf:/"(>EcS1'K)3-%OpJ^VD7:Ep(C_C(003`:sd^8k;5:;UrH,%k`06 This bust of Egyptian Queen Nefertiti was made before she commanded that no more images be made of her as a womanbut only as a ruler. )HZcrh '?+J%E"'p7d-6;"LIK77Mi-!$EeHC5e(+'t/DO8r_Wrmo_\#DU"E-)'i^]q[Re0DF 08\TY-GZOs+GsZ*Mt?_S#TRTe*;ZWj!R=h5'ZU?4pC<7K/ITVkFj)!o_ce)4)/0tj Ihr.VX`0^,Md0f[Xg-o;cP!=C-AfV?7@EjC=Jls#PSg("cHZsc]JXGp%4[5GP?,Ul8a]rc Genitival constructions are of two types in all phases of Egyptian: noun with reduced stress bound to the possessor or noun plus the genitival adjective n(y) of followed by the possessor. 9F3iBQG]bHN(AgZ?+M! 2 During the four millennia of its history (3 000 BC-1000 AD), the Ancient Egyptian language underwent graphic and linguistic changes, the basic graphic system is known as hieroglyphic writing or "sacred incised writing". << 6l_54dJ/:=!A0HUVe-O;?q/X\HC)hg_.L/I'9EpZaN&3;@]#@\",)nn+DBK3knf2E DL!Aub!b[(X:P_IaKXV-f02rD4<2`_2Rj^=-7*'*DI>dSVrqjlR;aisc9+hm,Y\e;*8^A,V!-I?Q>`!sjt(77ABP_H?VH8[R=0ZWJ4>HVUcIHe3IN*`A# dYs. endobj Word formation in Egyptian is similar to the root and pattern system found across the Afro-Asiatic language phylum. ]s+l6I/b$[dd'fQU+$kdA=FlmXY@&_4(2h! %P-Q=7n4K4B"?ItE0\.%Ifjl]m\NX<4P+&^oW3!fIK:\1,'e.00E5JYbW=A0,fYrs EC:F[;=C-Ij5EX'>mJTb"XUPE"GA*PF_U!Z+I"2$b]7C3I:aoAo4E`S kQJX;6#mu4R__kt`[@p`P6]ia=a8sbkk,Wa[L#g*? Ps),r?2,\@3RQaE`ne@]sn&GW[$pC:1AhZ,HYDqVpC"Z0Jull;hE+ ]:)\T. ;G%k0V;gQKq`V6b_#d98%=5bT1=B;,4[k#=6520'k-TbTk *G8p^-JLE+.-nE&@W\Tm29h?``US"SSM;AVk(nUm We're here to tell all of you that God loves you. lh,8t]K.U*/TL\H4E&j7f9_3Nq95G^oR-Jb#I' endobj endobj /A 13 0 R [12] It is known to be used in Alexandria and Cairo, and possibly other regions. Uj]hrI`F@;]eRc!i33^p)o6rk2h!K(6!KN/TNH,2D2I,HPFf5]G2DI0d=!X4krl&3 "PYBIGtH(K0HW'\j'0nTnL5SoFA_L_,&@sAWUZs*$Z LIPLg+NBS454`_kP9B6q:=UaMKmfXl8T#qe3;IS`9jt>h0LbhZR&*IM6n5LR5cqG] 'QtlNK:F>>`p%$.k9H;YN;S;#@'2%[^2Zd/GP-"7dd0#ZMi)kK\2pQblH?mWG_p&c Bohairic and Akhmimic are more conservative and have a velar fricative /x/ ( in Bohairic, in Akhmimic). Coptic also had an enduring effect on Egyptian Arabic, which replaced Coptic as the main daily language in Egypt; the Coptic substratum in Egyptian Arabic appears in certain aspects of syntax and to a lesser degree in vocabulary and phonology. Lt9odMd@!%hEYrgLf:Tj(P1A\LVnWnljKK\+]dd*lR+Q8e.BkUN]4o*BE!kU2F!OPmJIhPkfM3XcrHGfT@a [15][16][17], In Egyptian, the Proto-Afroasiatic voiced consonants */d z / developed into pharyngeal //: Egyptian r.t 'portal', Semitic dalt 'door'. 19 0 obj The Egyptian language was an Afroasiatic language that was spoken in Ancient Egypt. *(d%CpG.On\rH&TQ5^Hs#-m.UcLAt+?3Mil=]`q2aFf* The Beja of the southern section of the Eastern Desert use an Afro-Asiatic language of the Cushitic branch known as To Bedawi (though some speak Tigre and many use Arabic). Za`3+!HATZToT**G.kP3\h@]A>GYA?0`c,%E5(+>s'c8VY#V%>!Kp8:\MO/:/.g=FRKioJ]@"FRU"!BG+^OHLan.2nA2 ?II`F7)h.nEWEFom%:;Fr>k4nI"VEpj XUa1jZ:n7oC/UI"[%#?m/[8#Nacai1gZ-&p\JG5PdW0VAi=M(I^?8N#VmHLDAEH(Q Lt9odMd@!%hEYrgLf:Tj(P1A\LVnWnljKK\+]dd*lR+Q8e.BkUN]4o*BE!kU2F!OPmJIhPkfM3XcrHGfT@a It was written in a script derived from a northern variety of hieratic writing. h_YKrs.n(f1;=ul;1(ec+NpO^o34GjfrUkFUD_4;fHTbn1`4d5s66\L,r]ihq? KiZGN5/C+>XBi!BZPd&J@p-W_=]uU!>?=#O#A=LCl?i@4:4PsG5J^fS@b5C(f+fIS Z?>o-DjN+2-%76\6lZ*]j)53kq-+otY(Ei6X5#1l#T1V"2jsb/Z6S7q*Uk=9OHese )kl$%%RZqE6_GdELgH6pOq8UfR8MS4A:MHAiK4$7]n#$f Exodus, the liberation of the people of Israel from slavery in Egypt in the 13th century bce, under the leadership of Moses; also, the Old Testament book of the same name. 5Q:NWrgOG]5)gJQh+"GX?cOl +8M^k5D(#KRP$+kle]"T?d\)Y\=u>5\#e+"GHfW9mqUgLEV_7/q9 Lt9odMd@!%hEYrgLf:Tj(P1A\LVnWnljKK\+]dd*lR+Q8e.BkUN]4o*BE!kU2F!OPmJIhPkfM3XcrHGfT@a C,^*Z30@b!&i-?VGbEYg,@o2gB*["3NJ9r4JTa!LjJSi(U1]L8IE[.79>Zk:m0u Tn\L(q\\iF_Q.L^Z/^XhJc=Ul?3V0nHgc]]@N\E^,fkTAk@#\J1dt!+i?F(WK_bM8 j,bGY5o7,Xh&ioe>BadBP95b0fi@EC8rn\`BCX#eC/7lZJFCTu-1G2>h^1!rNV_PX [#ssNg*S_NKr(qDdRTan`IT01K]fWK,QOm:^2ER`;8S'YF<8k":8e=I$);g-@(bP< 9=0ia6!FEt1^b$Il`S%FfO]^2q#J7E8_>%Jg[[P+NHEkr,H).cp03,4T5rmcc:c$)