Many thousands of dissidents, deserters, or other people were arrested, tortured or executed by Cheka groups. The Cheka (sometimes called VeCheka) was the much-feared Bolshevik security agency, formed to identify and eradicate counter-revolutionary activity. It surrounded villages and short peasants resisting the forced requisitions of grain, often leaving the peasants who remained alive without enough to eat. The decree ordered the formation of the “All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage”. According to historian Edward Peters, some of the torture methods employed by the CHEKA included beating, burning, branding and scalping. Date published: August 10, 2019 Dzerzhinsky was technically accountable to the Sovnarkom but only reported Cheka operations after they had taken place. checa translation in Spanish - English Reverso dictionary, see also 'checar',chueca',Ceca',chechear', examples, definition, conjugation ( ˈtʃɛka) n. (Historical Terms) Russian history the secret police set up in 1917 by the Bolshevik government: reorganized in the Soviet Union in Dec 1922 as the GPU. Increases in anti-Bolshevik activity, the onset of the Civil War, the failed Left SR uprising of July 1918 and the assassination attempt on Lenin the following month saw the ranks of the Cheka grow exponentially. The Cheka became the embodiment of Dzerzhinsky’s ruthlessness. In 1921 the troops of the Cheka numbered 200,000. Official government figures suggest that just over 12,000 people were killed by Chekists in 1918-20. From that point, the Cheka was never restricted by the rule of law or any obligation to due process or the rights of suspects. Some Cheka killings were carried out more for public effect than any political purpose. Cheka translation in English-Swedish dictionary. He also organised Cheka paramilitary units. This was sometimes done publicly, in order to provide a deterrent to those who might oppose the regime. Cheka meaning and pronunciation. Follow. Juni 2020 um 20:41 Uhr bearbeitet. How to use history in a sentence. The Cheka routinely used extra-legal violence and torture. Another example of this public gesturing was Lenin’s famous order to the Penza Cheka to hang at least 100 men, “and make sure that the hanging takes place in full view of the people”. Search Results for CHEKA Meaning of CHEKA by its letters. It was created on December 20, 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin, and was subsequently led by aristocrat-turned-communist Felix Dzerzhinsky. Date accessed: January 22, 2021 Early Buddhist texts and modern translations. A historian’s view: [2], By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in the cities. Dzerzhinksy spent more than a decade in prisons and labour camps before his release during the 1917 amnesty. Welche Bedeutung hat der Name Cheka und welcher Herkunft ist er? A member of Cheka was called a "chekist" throughout the Soviet period, despite various official name changes. Dezember 1917 gegründete Staatssicherheit Sowjetrusslands, auf deren Tradition sich die politische Polizei der Ende 1922 gegründeten Sowjetunion berief. Word:* Part of speech: Definition:* Sample sentence: All definitions are approved by humans before publishing. More significantly, the Cheka operated outside the rule of law. Any promotional content will be deleted. Cheka (Russian) n (Russian history) the secret police set up in 1917 by the Bolshevik government: reorganized in the Soviet Union in Dec. 1922 as the GPU (C20: from Russian, acronym of Chrezvychainaya Komissiya Extraordinary Commission (to combat Counter … The Cheka (a forerunner of the notorious KGB), or political police, was formed in December 1917 to protect communist power. Russian Revolution memory quiz – events 1907-1916, Russian Revolution memory quiz – events 1917, Russian Revolution memory quiz – events 1918-1924, Russian Revolution memory quiz – revolutionaries, Russian Revolution memory quiz – tsarists, Russian Revolution memory quiz: concepts (I), Russian Revolution memory quiz: concepts (II), Russian Revolution memory quiz: events 1906 to 1913, Russian Revolution memory quiz: events 1914 to 1916, Russian Revolution memory quiz: events to 1905. Within two years it had more than 100,000 employees. Enrich your vocabulary with the English Definition dictionary For example, President Vladimir Putin has been referred to in the Russian media as a "chekist" due to his career in the KGB. The astonishing understanding of individuals, avoiding long conversations also undermines these. Copyright: The content on this page may not be republished without our express permission. The Cheka’s directive was to “persecute and break up all acts of counter-revolution and sabotage all over Russia, no matter what their origin”, to “bring before the Revolutionary Tribunal all counter-revolutionaries and saboteurs and to work out a plan for fighting them”, and to “make preliminary investigation only, enough to break up [counter-revolutionary acts]”. Cheka bezeichnet: Cheka-Kloster (tib. Cheka definition is - secret police (as in a Communist-dominated country) having virtually unrestrained power over life and death. Cheka rate (Abbreviation) (Formed: 1917; dissolved/reorganized: 1922.) In Armavir, they crushed their skulls by tightening a leather strap with an iron bolt around their head. Its members were called Chekists well into the late 1980s. Like most significant aspects of the new regime, the Cheka began with a decree from Vladimir Lenin and the Sovnarkom, dated December 19th 1917. In reality, not all of its operations were secretive or concealed. 5. Cheka definition in English dictionary, Cheka meaning, synonyms, see also 'Chekiang',ChE',cheap',cheat'. For more information, visit our FAQ page or Terms of Use. It was to be the “sword and shield of the revolution”, defending the new regime against its enemies within. CHEKA agents also developed inventive but ghastly means of torture and psychological torment. His ruthlessness and fanaticism came to rival that of Lenin. This site is created and maintained by Alpha History. By the end of the Civil War the Cheka had become a powerful force. Cheka (ЧК – чрезвыча́йная коми́ссия chrezvychaynaya komissiya, Emergency Committee, Roushie pronunciation: ) wis the first o a succession o Soviet state security organisations. It hunted down speculators and hoarders, sometimes cordoning off entire neighbourhoods during its massive operations. The first of a succession of Soviet state security organizations, created in 1917. The name of the agency was originally "The All-Russian Emergency Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage"(Russian: Всероссийская чрезвычайная комиссия по борьбе с контрреволюцией и саботажем; Vserossiyskaya chrezvychaynaya komissiya po bor'bye s kontrrevolyutsiyei i sabotazhem), but was often shortened to "Cheka" or "VCheka". With this free rein, Cheka agents were able to persecute, detain, torture and summarily execute thousands of suspected spies, tsarists, counter-revolutionaries, kulaks, black marketeers and other ‘enemies of the state’. Dzerzhinsky was loyal to the point of fanaticism and had been hardened by years of imprisonment. Some historians suggest that 200,000 or more are more realistic figures. Does it refer to individual members of the Cheka? Its first leader was Polish aristocrat-turned-communist Felix Dzerzhinsky. Official figures have of course disappeared, but a conservative estimate states that between 1917 and 1923 at least 200,000 ‘dissidents’ were shot by the Cheka in labour camps, while another 300,000 died in the suppression of working-class movements, strikes and mutinies. The Cheka is often described as the ‘Bolshevik secret police’. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers. Its first leader was Felix Dzerzhinsky. What is the meaning/definition of the acronym CHEKA? On receiving the decree, Dzerzhinsky began recruiting Cheka agents. A week later, the phrase “combating profiteering” was also added to the Cheka’s formal title. What is the meaning of Cheka? translation and definition "cheka", Swahili-English Dictionary online. Its members were called Chekists well into the late 1980s. In Kiev, they affixed a cage with rats to the victim’s torso and heated it so that the enraged rats ate their way through the victim’s guts in an effort to escape. The Cheka is sometimes referred to as the Bolshevik ‘secret police’, though most Russians were well aware of its existence and activities. CHEKA acronym or abbreviation means: C: Meaning of C in CHEKA. They used these to extract information or occasionally to create a public deterrent. URL: https://alphahistory.com/russianrevolution/cheka/ After 1922, Cheka groups underwent many reorganizations, as did the NKVD. Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 16. Written records of these methods were not kept so they are anecdotally based and possibly prone to exaggeration or falsification. Make sure you have a side on you, do not be shy to show it. Lenin preferred to leave the Cheka’s operational details and methods to the man he chose to lead it: Felix Dzerzhinksy. Citation information The full name of the Cheka in 1918 was (in Russian) the "All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Profiteering and Corruption". It wis creatit on December 20, 1917, efter a decree issued bi Vladimir Lenin, an wis subsequently led bi Felix Dzerzhinsky, a Pols aristocrat turned communist. Report. It was active in assuring the food supply, in maintaining transport, in policing the Red Army and Navy, in monitoring the schools, and in ensuring that industries continued to function and deliver essential material to the state. It was formed by Vladimir Lenin in a December 1917 decree and charged with identifying and dealing with potential counter-revolutionaries. The decree forming the Cheka was broadly worded and contained few specific instructions about how it should operate. Cheka in British English. Many thousands of dissidents, deserters, or other people were arrested, tortured or executed by Cheka groups. The Cheka was created on December 20, 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin, and was subsequently led by aristocrat-turned-communist Felix Dzerzhinsky. 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